A finite element model based on the layerwise theory is developed for the analysis of transverse cracking in cross-ply laminated beams. The numerical model is developed using the layerwise theory of Reddy, and the von Kármán type nonlinear strain field is adopted to accommodate the moderately large rotations of the beam. The finite element beam model is verified by comparing the present numeric...

An analytical and numerical solution for the free vibration of laminated polymeric composite plates with different layups is studied in this paper. The governing equations of the laminated composite plates are derived from the classical laminated plate theory (CLPT) and the first-order shear deformation plate theory (FSDT). General layups are evaluated by the assumption of cross-ply and angle-p...

Carbon-fiber-reinforced epoxy-matrix composite (CFRP) laminates with thin plies have strong damage-resistance properties compared standard prepregs. The static and fatigue tensile fracture behavior of cross-ply CFRP should be further studied to establish the applicability thin-ply prepregs for industrial structures. In this study, cross-ply, high-strength polyacrylonitrile (PAN)-based carbon-fi...

The time course of changes in plasma bone turnover markers following an acute bout of resistance training (RT) or plyometrics (PLY) has not been well characterized. This study is the first to compare the acute response of bone formation and resorption markers to a single bout of RT or PLY. Using a partially randomized, cross-over study design, 12 recreationally active men, aged 43 ± 5 yr, each ...

A comprehensive approach for the analysis and design of pultruded FRP beams in bending is presented. It is shown that the material architecture of pultruded FRP shapes can be efficiently modeled as a layered system. Based on the information provided by the material producers, a detailed procedure is preserited for the computation of fiber volume fraction (V r) of the constituents, including fib...

This paper developed three-dimensional (3D) Finite Element Analysis (FEA) to investigate the effect of fibre lay-up on the initiation of failure of laminated composites in bending. TsaiHill failure criterion was applied to identify the critical areas of failure in composite laminates. In accordance with the 3D FEA, unidirectional ([0]16), cross-ply ([0/90]4s) and angle-ply ([±45]4s) laminates m...

Studying the fiber positioning in yarn structure is essential point to understand different characteristics of yarns that counted as alternatives each other. This study explores packing densities single-ply, two-ply and Siro-spun spun have been stated alternative types considering production method or structure. In study, Modal, Tencel, polyethylene teraphtalete, cotton fibers represent micro, ...

Often when vehicles interact with roadside hardware like guardrails, bridge rails and curbs, the interaction between the roadside hardware and the tire causes the tire to lose its air seal and "blow-out". Once the seal between the rim and rubber tire is lost, the tire deflates. The behavior of the deflated tire is much different than the behavior of an inflated tire such that when this behavior...

This research presents the results of tests conducted under field conditions and included measuring footprint tires on soil. Two agricultural same size but different internal structures were tested, 500/50R17 (radial) 500/50-17 (bias-ply). The factors tire inflation pressure (0.8 bar, 1.6 2.4 bar) vertical load (7.8 kN, 11.8 15.7 kN). made soil was scanned with a 3D scanner, resulting in digita...

We investigated the physicochemical characteristics of Aedes albopictus Skuse viz. breeding sites, by examining coconut shells, tires and plastic containers in a chikungunya affected area of Calicut, India. The study design was a cross-sectional ecological type. Thirty-four water samples were collected randomly from coconut shells, tires and plastic containers. The larvae were counted and the w...