To investigate the potential for improving hybrid coupled models (HCM) of the tropical Pacific by the use of neural network (NN) methods for nonlinear regression, NN was introduced for the nonlinear parametrization of the subsurface temperature in the Lamont ocean model, and for the nonlinear estimation of the wind stress anomalies (WSA) from the sea surface temperature anomalies (SSTA). For co...

A fully coupled ocean-atmosphere general circulation model (the Fast Ocean-Atmosphere Model) is used to simulate the Neoproterozoic climate with a reduced solar luminosity (95% of present-day), low atmospheric CO2 (140 ppmv), and an idealized tropical supercontinent. Two coupled simulations were completed with present-day and cold initial ocean temperatures. These experiments are compared with ...

Title of Document: CARBON CYCLE DATA ASSIMILATION USING A COUPLED ATMOSPHEREVEGETATION MODEL AND THE LOCAL ENSEMBLE TRANSFORM KALMAN FILTER Ji Sun Kang, Doctor of Philosophy, 2009 Directed By: Professor Eugenia Kalnay Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Science We develop and test new methodologies to best estimate CO2 fluxes on the Earth’s surface by assimilating observations of atmospheric ...

In a free-space optical communication system employing fiber-optic components, the phasefront distortions induced by atmospheric turbulence limit the efficiency with which the laser beam is coupled into a single-mode fiber. We analyze different link scenarios including a geostationary (GEO) satellite, a high-altitude platform (HAP), and an optical ground station (OGS). Singlemode coupled optica...

We designed a simple and efficient inlet system to act as an interface between samples at atmospheric pressure and the high vacuum inside a mass spectrometer. The newly designed stainless steel orifice leak sample inlet system is simple and rugged and fulfills all the basic requirements. With this inlet system coupled with a lithium ion attachment mass spectrometer, it is possible to detect any...

We study the response of the land-surface to prescribed atmospheric forcing for 31 May 1978 at Cabauw, Netherlands, using the land-surface scheme from the Coupled Atmospheric boundary layer-Plant-Soil (CAPS) model. Results from model runs show realistic daytime surface fluxes are produced using a canopy conductance formulation derived from Cabauw data (for 1987, a different year), and un-tuned ...

Seasonal prediction with dynamical models of El Niño events, and the associated changes in the Southern Oscillation and atmospheric circulation, has been an area of intense interest and effort for more than two decades. The early experimental forecasts of El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) events (Cane and Zebiak 1985; Cane et al. 1986; Zebiak and Cane 1987; Battisti and Hirst 1989; Kleeman 19...

A simple midlatitude coupled model for idealized ocean basins is used to investigate processes of ocean– atmosphere interaction and its role in interdecadal climate variability at midlatitudes. The ocean model consists of a linearized quasigeostrophic upper ocean layer and a sea surface temperature (SST) equation for an embedded surface mixed layer. The atmospheric response to the ocean is thro...

This study developed a coupled land–atmosphere satellite data assimilation system as a new physical downscaling approach, by coupling a mesoscale atmospheric model with a land data assimilation system (LDAS). The LDAS consists of a land surface scheme as the model operator, a radiative transfer model as the observation operator, and the simulated annealing method for minimizing the difference b...

[1] Orographic effects on northwestern Pacific climate are investigated with atmospheric and coupled oceanatmosphere general circulation models. In response to the removal of global orography, both models simulate a widespread decrease of summer rainfall over the Asian Continent. Over the subtropical northwestern Pacific, however, the response is opposite between the atmospheric and coupled mod...