Double orifice left atrioventricular valve (DOLAVV) or double orifice mitral valve (DOMV) is a rare congenital cardiac anomaly manifesting either as an isolated lesion (mitral stenosis or mitral insufficiency) or in association with other congenital cardiac defects. Signs of mitral valve disease are usually present along with the symptoms of associated coexistent congenital heart diseases. Mitr...

OBJECTIVES To evaluate modifications in root canal morphology following instrumentation with orifice openers using Computerized Tomography (CT). STUDY DESIGN Experimental in vitro study. A preoperative CT was performed on 49 molars to measure the root canal cross-sections. After preparing the canals with 6 different nickel-titanium (Ni-Ti) rotary system orifice opener type instruments and Gat...

BACKGROUND Microbial contamination of the pulp space is one of the major factors associated with endodontic failure. Thus, in addition to a three dimentional apical filling a coronal seal for root canal fillings has been recommended. AIM The present study was conducted to evaluate and compare the intra-orifice sealing ability of three experimental materials after obturation of the root canal ...

The aim of root canal preparation is to clean and shape the root canal system while maintaining the original configuration. However, traditional hand instruments often failed in achieving these objectives, especially when used in severely curved canals. Over the years, many nickel-titanium rotary instruments have been developed to improve root canal preparation. More flexible files made of nick...

tricular canal. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 55: 299, 1968 16. McMullan MH, Wallace RB, Weidman WH: Surgical treatment of complete atrioventricular canal. Surgery 72: 905, 1972 17. Lev M: The architecture of the conduction system in congenital heart disease. 1. Common atrioventricular orifice. Arch Pathol 65: 174, 1958 18. Feldt RH. DuShane JW, Titus JL: The atrioventricular conduction system in pe...

The case of a 2-year-old boy with a right middle ear lipoma and a concomitant chondroma of the left external auditory canal is presented. The patient’s preoperative diagnosis was cholesteatomas of the right middle ear and left external ear canal. A right-sided epitympanotomy was performed. A lump of fatty tissue in the right anterior middle ear cleft that obstructed the Eustachian tube orifice ...

Most mandibular second molars have one and two canals in distal and mesial roots, respectively. This report represents four cases of mandibular second molars with a single mesial and two distal root canals with two different canal configurations. After access cavity preparation, two teeth had one distal and two mesial orifices, whereas in the two other teeth one mesial and two distal orifices w...

Localization of calcified canals has always been a challenge in the field of endodontics. The following report of three cases describes a technique for the identification and negotiation of obliterated canals by use of cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) intraoperatively. Canal orifices could not be found clinically in all three cases. Gutta-percha points were placed and compacted at the posit...

Knowledge of both normal and abnormal anatomy of the root canal system can directly affect the outcome of the endodontic therapy. This paper describes the nonsurgical endodontic management of the rare anatomical configuration middle mesial canal in previously treated mandibular first molar. After coronal access, the gutta-percha was eliminated. In precise examination of groove between two mesia...