In an earlier report from this laboratory (Wilson and Ramsey, 1955) an antagonism between chloramphenicol and complex materials (yeast extract, proteose peptone #3) was noted. It was suggested that the antagonism observed was possibly due to stimulation of growth, rather than to direct antagonism of the antibiotic. In order to examine more critically the respective roles of stimulation and dire...

This paper fits in the framework of Distributed Artificial Intelligence andmore specifically in the field of Multi-Agent Systems (MAS). We show why antagonism should be considered in MAS made up of autonomous agents and how these systems can even turn antagonism to advantage. We present a case study of a MAS aimed at exploring the possibilities of antagonism, oriented towards mobile robotics ap...

We have compared the antagonism of neuromuscular block produced by pipecuronium with pancuronium in 80 anaesthetized surgical patients using mechanomyography and electromyography. Pancuronium 0.1 mg kg-1 or pipecuronium 0.07 mg kg-1 was given after induction of anaesthesia and neuromuscular block was adjusted to 75% twitch depression at the time of antagonism. The following regimens were used: ...

We consider the general problem of sensitive and specific discrimination between biochemical species. An important instance is immune discrimination between self and not-self, where it is also observed experimentally that ligands just below the discrimination threshold negatively impact response, a phenomenon called antagonism. We characterize mathematically the generic properties of such discr...

Sexual antagonism, whereby mutations are favourable in one sex and disfavourable in the other, is common in natural populations, yet the root causes of sexual antagonism are rarely considered in evolutionary theories of adaptation. Here, we explore the evolutionary consequences of sex-differential selection and genotype-by-sex interactions for adaptation in species with separate sexes. We show ...

the aim of present study was to investigate and compare antioxidant properties of green tea and rosemary extracts and determine the effect of their combination on the antioxidant properties. results of total phenols, dpph free radical scavenging assay, total antioxidant capacity, reducing power and their addition into soybean oil, showed that the green tea extract was significantly (p<0.05) mor...

The biological antagonism between copper and molybdenum was discovered when cattle grazing pastures high in Mo were found to develop a syndrome characterized by diarrhoea, growth retardation, anaemia and achromotrichia, which could be prevented by administering Cu. This syndrome was subsequently reproduced in non-ruminants, but further studies revealed important differences in the nature of the...

The biological antagonism between copper and molybdenum was discovered when cattle grazing pastures high in Mo were found to develop a syndrome characterized by diarrhoea, growth retardation, anaemia and achromotrichia, which could be prevented by administering Cu. This syndrome was subsequently reproduced in non-ruminants, but further studies revealed important differences in the nature of the...