conclusions spironolactone combined with aceis or arbs leads to reduction of proteinuria in chronic kidney disease and therefore reduction of progression of the disease. objectives the study was designed to assess the effects of spironolactone as the aldosterone antagonist combined with acei or arb drugs to reduce proteinuria in chronic kidney disease to prevent its progression. patients and me...

The local renin-angiotensin system is present in the pituitary. We investigated the effects of angiotensins on GH3 lactosomatotroph cells proliferation in vitro and the involvement of p44/42 and p38 MAPK inhibitors in the growth-regulatory effects of angiotensins. Materials and Methods. Cell viability using the Mosmann method and proliferation by the measurement of BrdU incorporation during DNA...

To examine whether urinary angiotensin (ANG) I and II excretion responds to changes in plasma ANG I and ANG II, ANG I or ANG II was infused in seven healthy subjects pretreated with a 340-mmol sodium diet and 20 mg of enalapril twice daily. Infusion rates were 4, 8, 16, and 32 pmol/kg per minute for ANG I and 1, 4, and 8 pmol/kg per minute for ANG II. Baseline ANG I and ANG II excretions averag...

The enzymes required to convert the prohormone angiotensin I into angiotensins II and III, secretagogues of aldosterone, are enriched in association with capillary endothelium isolated from rat adrenal cortex. Thus the secretion of aldosterone may be controlled, in part, by processing of peptides occurring within the adrenal gland itself.

The renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system is now considered to be far more complex than previously thought when the vasoconstrictor and other physiological effects of the octapeptide angiotensin II in the circulating blood were emphasized. The reasons for this altered viewpoint, involving angiotensins other than the octapeptide in the regulation of blood pressure, water and electrolyte homeostas...