A 45 year old hypertensive patient presented to the emergency medical room (EMR) with sudden onset of severe headache, episode of vomiting, visual loss and confusion. A C.T scan and MRI brain was done revealing a large hematoma in the region of posterior part of left thalamus. The patient was disoriented in time, place and had right visual field hemianopia. The headache and higher functions bec...

Deborah Broadbent is Director of Diabetic Eye Screening, Liverpool Diabetes Eye Centre, and Honorary Clinical Lecturer, Department of Eye and Vision Science, Royal Liverpool University Hospital, Prescot Street, Liverpool. Diabetic retinopathy is a leading cause of visual impairment in the Western world. Its pathophysiology involves a complex inter-related sequence of events giving rise to clini...

A novel inattention search paradigm (Mack & Rock, 1998) was used to assess the visual efficiency of fluorescent colored relative to nonfluorescent colored highway signs in a laboratory setting. Unexpected presentation of a fluorescent colored search target was not accompanied by an improvement in visual search time. However, visual search times improved dramatically once the participants develo...

TOPICAL DIAGNOSIS OF OPTIC CHIASMAL LESIONS TOPICAL DIAGNOSIS OF RETROCHIASMAL VISUAL FIELD Visual Field Defects DEFECTS Etiologies of the Optic Chiasmal Syndrome Topical Diagnosis of Optic Tract Lesions Masqueraders of the Optic Chiasmal Syndrome Topical Diagnosis of Lesions of the Lateral Geniculate Body Pathophysiology of the Optic Chiasmal Syndrome Topical Diagnosis of Lesions of the Optic ...

A thirty-nine year old man was referred to our institute due to progressive decreased visual acuity five years after bilateral Laser in situ Keratomileusis (LASIK). Topography revealed signs of post - LASIK ectasia. Patients' left eye was treated with simultaneous Topography Guided Photorefractive Keratectomy (PRK) followed by Corneal Collagen Cross Linking (CXL). Twelve months after the combin...

Posterior cortical atrophy (PCA) is a neurodegenerative syndrome dominated by deterioration of higher visual function (particularly visuospatial and visuoperceptual abilities). It is most commonly due to Alzheimer's disease pathology, but may also be caused by dementia with Lewy bodies, corticobasal degeneration or Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease. Patients often present to optometrists, ophthalmologi...

A 26-year-old woman presented to the emergency department with a 2-week history of severe migratory headaches, visual disturbance, and intermittent nausea. She had no significant medical history and was not taking any medications regularly. Her vital signs were normal, but her visual acuity was impaired bilaterally and her visual fields were grossly normal to confrontation. A computed tomograph...

Introduction The important role of fMRI in geriatrics is to assess the change of brain activation related to early signs of cognitive impairments. Various cognitive tasks increased the activation in the frontal or parietal areas in elderly subjects. On the other hand, age-related reduction of BOLD signal in the primary visual area (V1) has been discussed [1 3]. In this study, we investigated th...

59-year-old man with a history of mycosis fungoides developed loss of visual acuity and visual field in the left eye. Epiretinal lesions were present in the right eye and multifocal choroidal lesions, optic disc edema, and vitritis were present in the left eye. A diagnostic vitrectomy was performed and cytologic examination of the vitreous confirmed the diagnosis of T-cell lymphoproliferative d...