In part 21 of the tutorial series "Acoustofluidics--exploiting ultrasonic standing wave forces and acoustic streaming in microfluidic systems for cell and particle manipulation", we review applications of ultrasonic standing waves used for enhancing immunoassays and particle sensors. The paper covers ultrasonic enhancement of bead-based immuno-agglutination assays, bead-based immuno-fluorescenc...

In this paper, a new non-contact ultrasonic abrasive finishing mechanism is designed and fabricated. This mechanism combines the function of ultrasonic vibrations and the magnetic abrasive finishing (MAF) process. A permanent magnet which is mounted on a horn has been used as the processing tool. This polishing tool is vibrated at an ultrasonic frequency with piezo-electric actuators. Ultrasoni...

In this paper, the effect of ultrasonic pre-treatment and aeration on the flotation separation of chalcopyrite from pyrite was investigated at different amounts of potassium ethyl xanthate (KEX), as a collector, and pH values. Artificially-mixed samples of chalcopyrite and pyrite were subjected to flotation studies to understand the effect of aeration with or without ultrasonic tre...

Carbon capture and storage (CCS) by geological sequestration comprises a permeable formation (reservoir) for CO2 topped an impermeable (caprock). Time-lapse (4D) seismic is used to map movement in the subsurface: migration into caprock might change its properties thus impact integrity. Simultaneous forced-oscillation pulse-transmission measurements are combined quantify Young’s modulus Poisson’...

detecting microbial contamination of milk using novel engineering techniques is very worthy. in current study, microbial contamination of uht milk packages was detected using ultrasonic sensors. milk packages artificially were inoculated to e. coli in four dilutions and three replications. monitoring of ultrasonic properties was performed by measuring amplitude and time delay factors. artificia...

Abstract Dual-perspective high-speed imaging and acoustic detection is used to characterise cavitation activity at the tip of a commercial 20 kHz (f0) ultrasonic horn, over 2 s sonications across range input powers available (20 – 100%). Imaging 1 × 105 frames per second (fps) captures cavitation-bubble cluster oscillation horn-tip for duration sonication. Shadowgraphic 2 Mfps, from an orthogon...

This paper outlines the operating principles and application of ultrasonic gas flow metering for custody transfer. Basic principles and underlying equations are discussed, as are considerations for applying ultrasonic flow meter technology to station design, installation, and operation. These applications are illustrated based on operating experience with the SICK ultrasonic flow meter, however...

This work experimentally elucidates the effects of ultrasonic treatment on the physical, chemical, and biological characteristics of a waste-activated sludge. A critical ultrasonic power level exists above which, accompanied with the release of divalent cations from the sludge body, the floc structure effectively disintegrated, microbial level acceptably disinfected, and particulate organic com...

In this study, two kinds of nondestructive evaluation (NDE) techniques (rebound hardness and ultrasonic pulse velocity methods) are investigated for the effective maintenance of underwater concrete structures. A new methodology to estimate the underwater concrete strengths more effectively, named “artificial neural network (ANN) – based concrete strength estimation with the combination of rebou...

The reliability and durability of an ultrasonic motor is usually determined by wear at the contact interface between a drive and a driven element, due to its driving mechanism. Wear control is therefore essential as the key design input to achieve ultimate performance of the ultrasonic motor. In this paper, a high precision and small precise positioning linear stage with an ultrasonic motor as ...