Dispersed gas-liquid-solid flows are frequently encountered in a variety of industrial processes involving a.o. coating, granulation, drying and synthesis of fuels (Fischer Tropsch) and base chemicals. The dynamics of these flows is dictated by the motion of the individual phases and the complex mutual interactions and as a direct consequence thereof CFD-based modelling of these systems has pro...

The topic of the present work is the specification of system Fault Tolerance (FT). FT is considered a valid technique for increasing the dependability of critical automation systems by adding them the ability to operate in presence of faults. Two basic considerations stimulated the development of the present work. Firstly although a considerable amount of concepts and theory have been published...

Depth-resolved three-dimensional (3D) reconstruction of fluorophore-tagged inclusions in fluorescence tomography (FT) poses a highly ill-conditioned problem as depth information must be extracted from boundary data. Due to the ill-posed nature of the FT inverse problem, noise and errors in the data can severely impair the accuracy of the 3D reconstructions. The signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of th...

Seven phenolic acids and many nonphenolic organic acids, including large amounts of meta-hydroxy (3-hydroxy) benzoic acid and 3-hydroxy-1,5-benzene-dicarboxylic acid, were obtained from the organic polymer of the Murchison C2 chondrite upon oxidation with alkaline cupric oxide. The phenolic acids apparently were derived from phenolic ethers in the polymer, which in turn probably were formed fro...

The metallic Co catalyst for the Fischer-Tropsch reaction is prepared by reduction of Co salts impregnating microporous silica. The average size of the metallic Co clusters is determined from the average number of neighbours deduced from Co K-edge EXAFS of catalyst samples. A model EXAFS signal constructed from the scattering paths of Co metal fcc lattice with lengths up to 5 A is calibrated on...

However, aviation biofuels are not just a lobbying gimmick. Oil and biotech companies, airlines and aircraft manufacturers, government agencies (particularly in the US) and venture capitalists are investing large sums into research and development of biofuels for aircraft. Recent test flights have shown that biofuel use in aviation is technically possible. Two types of aviation biofuels are in ...

Francisella tularensis (Ft) is a category A biothreat agent for which there is no Food and Drug Administration-approved vaccine. Ft can survive in a variety of habitats with a remarkable ability to adapt to changing environmental conditions. Furthermore, Ft expresses distinct sets of antigens (Ags) when inside of macrophages (its in vivo host) as compared to those grown in vitro with Mueller Hi...

BACKGROUND This study explores variables associated with poor prognosis in postoperative p16 positive oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OPSCC) patients undergoing adjuvant radiotherapy or chemoradiotherapy. Specifically, analysis was done related to timing of feeding tube insertion relative to radiotherapy. METHODS From 1997-2009, of 376 consecutive patients with OPSCC, 220 received adju...

The profile of bioconversion products of istamycin (IS) components by a blocked IS mutant of Streptomyces tenjimariensis that lost IS-productivity suggested a possible biosynthetic pathway of IS similar to that of fortimicin (FT) by Micromonospora olivasterospora. Both organisms are resistant to the antibiotics produced by each other. Based on these similarities, they were examined for their ca...