Computing the 1-width of the incidence matrix of a Steiner Triple System gives rise to small set covering instances that provide a computational challenge for integer programming techniques. One major source of difficulty for instances of this family is their highly symmetric structure, which impairs the performance of most branch-and-bound algorithms. The largest instance in the family that ha...

Modern Neotropical rainforests are characterized by the high intensity and host specificity with which insects feed on plants. Previous studies have shown that, during middle–late Paleocene, leaves of early evolving tropical South America were heavily herbivorized insects. Yet, less attention has been given to insect damage found fossil fruits seeds, despite specialization many disseminule pred...

Modern hygienic practices are applied to avoid exposure to pathogens that spread via fecal-oral transmission. Despite this, the gastrointestinal tract is quickly colonized by fecal microbes. The hands are an important vector for the transmission of microbes, but the frequency at which fecal and oral microbes exist on hands and the source of those microbes have not been extensively described. Us...

Erythema palmare hereditarium is a very rare, benign alteration of the skin which can be found mostly on the palms and soles. The anomaly is characterized by a distinctive, extensive, sharply demarcated redness. This report presents a patient with erythema palmare hereditarium.

14 1. Arthropod diversity and non-flying arthropod food web are strongly influenced by 15 habitat components related to plant architecture and habitat structural complexity. 16 However, we still poorly understand the relationship between arthropod diversity and the 17 vegetation structure at different spatial scales. Here, we examined how harvestmen 18 assemblages are distributed across six loc...

Palms are highly significant tropical plants. Oil palms produce palm oil, the basic commodity of a important industry. Climate change from greenhouse gasses is likely to decrease ability survive, irrespective them providing ecosystem services communities. Little information about species survival in regions under climate available and data on migration important. particularly Africa: oil indust...