In this paper, we describe the nonlinear outcome of spiral shocks in protoplan-etary disks. Spiral shocks, for most protoplanetary disk conditions, create a loss of vertical force balance in the post-shock region and result in rapid expansion of the gas perpendicular to the disk midplane. This expansion has characteristics similar to hydraulic jumps, which occur in incompressible fluids. We pre...

Using detailed household-level data from Malawi on physical quantities of agricultural outputs and inputs, we measure farm total factor productivity (TFP), controlling for land quality, rain, transitory shocks. We find that operated size capital are essentially unrelated to TFP, implying substantial misallocation. The output gain a reallocation factors their efficient use among existing farmers...

We discuss the early history of an important field of ‘‘sturm and drang’’ in modern theory of nonlinear waves. It is demonstrated how scientific demand resulted in independent and almost simultaneous publications by many different authors on modulation instability, a phenomenon resulting in a variety of nonlinear processes such as envelope solitons, envelope shocks, freak waves, etc. Examples f...

We establish pointwise bounds for the Green function and consequent linearized stability for multidimensional planar relaxation shocks of general relaxation systems whose equilibrium model is scalar, under the necessary assumption of spectral stability. Moreover, we obtain nonlinear L asymptotic behavior/sharp decay rate of perturbed weak shocks of general simultaneously symmetrizable relaxatio...

The two-fluid equations for two-phase flow, a model derived by averaging, analogy and experimental observation, have the property (in at least some commonly-occurring derivations) of losing hyperbolicity in their principal parts, those representing the chief entries in modeling conservation of mass and transfer of momentum and energy. Much attention has centered on reformulating details of the ...

Economic development and structural transformation are dynamic processes in which sectoral interactions are numerous and multidirectional. Recent growth literature has noted that many of these effects occur in the form of externalities not captured in a neoclassical accounting of intersectoral resource flows and price adjustments. This work has emphasized, for example, that increasing returns p...

Key Outcomes: - Food security in the Arab world is a seasonal event that triggers debate and discourse during transitory shocks caused by external factors (e.g., war Ukraine), causes disruption price food supply chain. The nature of shift diversity consumption patterns either change lifestyle due to living standards, or significant assistance over decades, which traditional approaches do not se...

This paper studies the causal mechanisms behind poverty traps, building on evidence of nonlinear wealth dynamics among a poor pastoralist population, the Boran from southern Ethiopia. In particular, it explores the roles of adverse weather shocks and individual ability to cope with such shocks in conditioning wealth dynamics. Using original data, we establish pastoralists’ expectations of herd ...