Spatial outliers represent locations which are signiicantly diierent from their neighborhoods even though they may not be signiicantly diierent from the entire population. Identiication of spatial outliers can lead to the discovery of unexpected , interesting, and implicit knowledge, such as local instability. In this paper, we rst provide a general deenition of S-outliers for spatial outliers....

What is problematic, however, is that the traditional bus system is laden with negative incentives and problems that will most likely impede Transmilenio from covering the entire city let alone advance beyond its looming third stage. Worse still, these negative incentives translate into low-quality service, bus oversupply, and paradoxically high fares for most riders. This paper analyzes Bogotá...

The Royal Australian Air Force (RAAF) conducts maritime surveillance operations in order to deter non-state threats such as terrorism or illegal fishing. RAAF aircraft search various areas of ocean in order to classify as many ships as possible in the shortest possible time. This resembles the traditional Travelling Salesman Problem (TSP) but with many interesting variations – the “cities” (shi...

This paper extends a new line of research on urban squatting that focuses on the role of the squatter organizer. The model replaces the benevolent organizer from previous studies with a collection of competing, rent-seeking squatter organizers, a structure that may offer a realistic picture of many cities in less-developed countries. In addition to delineating the structure of such a competitiv...

8001 Natural Bridge Road St. Louis, Missouri 63121-4499 Most American municipalities that incorporated prior to 1930, regardless of population size or geographic region, contain a downtown district. These traditional downtowns usually constituted the community’s retail hub, featured a highdensity walkable setting, and were at the center of community and civic life. The decades following World W...

Countries in need will expect us to play a greater role in helping them out. While it is unlikely we will stand idly by Singaporeans are a compassionate lot there will be the burden of obligation to provide substantial financial resources, support in kind, and assistance in technical planning and management expertise to put systems in place to cope. It will be in our interest to keep their trad...

A survey of medicinal plants used by rural and urban inhabitants of the three cities of the Tropical Atlantic Forest, Region of Vale do Ribeira, State of São Paulo, Brazil was performed by means of 200 interviews with medicinal plant users and extractors and, traditional healers. One hundred fourteen herbal remedies were recorded and the following information reported: Latin, vernacular and Eng...

This paper describes an innovative transportation system based on non-polluting autonomous vehicles. The proposed solution lies between high-speed outdoor moving walks and low-speed urban cars platooning. It integrates the service modes and advantages of both, while avoiding their main drawback, which are respectively the lack of scalability and the usage of traditional automobiles. The present...

Spatial outliers represent locations which are signiicantly diierent from their neighborhoods even though they may not be signiicantly diierent from the entire population. Identiication of spatial outliers can lead to the discovery of unexpected , interesting, and implicit knowledge, such as local instability. In this paper, we rst provide a general deenition of S-outliers for spatial outliers....

Traffic simulation software is becoming increasingly popular as more cities worldwide use it to better manage their crowded traffic networks. An important requirement for such software is the ability to produce accurate results in real time, requiring great computation resources. This work proposes an ASIC-based hardware accelerated approach for the AIMSUN traffic simulator, taking advantage of...