objective: in vitro production of a definitive endoderm (de) is an important issue in stem cell-related differentiation studies and it can assist with the production of more efficient endoderm derivatives for therapeutic applications. despite tremendous progress in de differentiation of human embryonic stem cells (hescs), researchers have yet to discover universal, efficient and cost-effective ...

Background: Endothelial cell (EC) maladaptation to disturbed blood flow at predilection sites of atherosclerosis is characterized by inflammation and defective regeneration. The RNase Dicer is essential for the production of microRNAs, which play a crucial role in EC maladaptation. EC-derived Dicer promotes atherosclerosis and suppresses KLF4, Notch1, and Wnt signaling. While Dicer increases EC...