The lipid composition of some commercial bakers' yeasts having different freeze-sensitivity in frozen dough was investigated to clarify the correlation between their lipid composition and freeze-tolerance. The total lipid content including neutral lipid, free fatty acid, sterol, and phospholipid ranged between 23.0 to 32.2 mg/100 mg protein of the yeasts tested. Phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidy...

BACKGROUND We recently showed that freeze-dried cells stored for 3 years at room temperature can direct embryonic development following cloning. However, viability, as evaluated by membrane integrity of the cells after freeze-drying, was very low; and it was mainly the DNA integrity that was preserved. In the present study, we improved the cells' viability and functionality after freeze-drying....

Systematic study of how different drying methods, namely hot-air drying, vacuum-drying, and freeze-drying, affect color, browning index, degree of rehydration, water solubility, and vitamin C content is critical for utilizing pine needle powders (PNP) as a novel ingredient in functional foods. Samples prepared by vacuum-drying showed a significantly higher L*-value, whereas higher a*- and b*-va...

Freeze concentration freezes or crystallises the water molecules out as ice crystals and leaves behind a highly concentrated solution. In conventional suspension freeze concentration where ice crystals formed as a suspension in the mother liquor, separation of ice is difficult. The size of the ice crystals is still very limited which will require usage of scraped surface heat exchangers, which ...

Three hundred feedlot steers (320 +/- 2 kg) were assigned to freeze brand, hot-iron brand, and sham branding treatments according to a randomized branding arrangement. Behaviors believed to be indicative of pain (i.e., tail-flicking, kicking, falling, and vocalizing) were recorded during branding. Escape behavior, measured as the amount and duration of force exerted on the headgate and squeeze ...

Freeze etching of solute model systems (e.g., glycerol or ferritin solutions) demonstrates that cryofixation can introduce serious artifacts due to the segregation of the dissolved or dispersed material from the solvent. Since, in principle, this problem can be reduced by increasing the cooling rate, a new technique has been developed which combines spray freezing with freeze etching. This spra...

Polyphenoloxidase (PPO), protease activities, melanosis and exudate loss of pre-cooked Pacific white shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) subjected to multiple freeze-thaw cycles (1, 3 and 5 cycles) using different thawing methods were studied. PPO and protease activities increased as freeze-thaw cycles increased (p < 0.05). Thawing using running tap water resulted in the higher increases in both PPO ...

In this talk we present a simple model describing the p⊥-spectra of various hadrons measured recently at RHIC. Our approach combines the thermal model, used frequently in the studies of the relative hadron yields [1-10], with a model of the hydrodynamic expansion of matter at freeze-out. The main assumptions of the model are as follows [11-13]: First of all, we assume that the chemical freeze-o...

An experimental study of plain concrete specimens of water-cement ratio 0.55, subjected to 0, 15, 25, 40, 50 and 75 cycles of freeze-thaw was completed. The dynamic modulus of elasticity (DME), weight loss, compressive strength, tensile strength, flexural strength, cleavage strength and stress-strain relationships of plain concrete specimens suffering from freeze-thaw cycles were measured. The ...

The main objective of the current study was to explore the different activation mechanisms of capacitation and freeze-thawed spermatozoa. Using SDS-PAGE and Western blotting, the conversion process of boar proacrosin during freeze-thawing and capacitation of spermatozoa was analyzed. The results revealed that capacitated spermatozoa exhibited a greater fluorescence area than that of the freeze-...