[1] As the upper layer of the world ocean warms gradually during the 20th century, the inter‐ocean heat transport from the Indian to Atlantic basin should be enhanced, and the Atlantic Ocean should therefore gain extra heat due to the increased upper ocean temperature of the inflow via the Agulhas leakage. Consistent with this hypothesis, instrumental records indicate that the Atlantic Ocean ha...

Time-series of growing season air temperature anomalies in the Parisian region and of Pinot noir grape harvest dates (GHD) in Burgundy (1676–2004) are analyzed in the frequency domain. Variability of both time-series display 3 significant frequency-bands (peaks significant at the 5% level): (1) a low-frequency-band (multi-decadal) with a 25 yr peak period, (2) a 3 to 8 yr band period (inter-ann...

In this paper both documentary and natural proxy data have been used to improve the accuracy of palaeoclimatic knowledge in Finland since the 18th century. Early meteorological observations from Turku (1748-1800) were analyzed fi rst as a potential source of climate variability. The reliability of the calculated mean temperatures was evaluated by comparing them with those of contemporary temper...

Abstract Gyula László’s theory, published in 1970, was virtually ignored and received with tacit dismissal by the Hungarian archaeological scholarship international community largely unaware of it. This paper aims to provide clarity for latter research. Not a single element theory accepted or acceptable even at time its birth: distribution late Avar Conquest-era sites do not complement each oth...

Changes to forest production drivers (light, water, temperature, and site nutrient) over the last 55 years have been documented in peer-reviewed literature. The main objective of this paper is to review documented evidence of the impacts of climate change trends on forest productivity since the middle of the 20th century. We first present a concise overview of the climate controls of forest pro...

The Madden-Julian oscillation (MJO) has been documented in previous studies to significantly impact tropical cyclone activity in all ocean basins. Most of these studies have utilized the Wheeler-Hendon index. This index is only available since 1974, the period over which remotely sensed outgoing longwave radiation data has been available. Our study utilizes a long reconstructed MJO index, based...

modern field of environmental health owes much to the tragedy that befell Greater London, some 50 years ago this month. From 5 December through 9 December 1952 a heavy, motionless layer of smoky, dusty fumes from the region's million or more coal stoves and local factories settled in the London basin. This thick sulfurous smoky fog, the " smog, " brought traffic and people to a standstill. Not ...

BACKGROUND Heat is recognized as one of the deadliest weather-related phenomena. Although the impact of high temperatures on mortality has been a subject of extensive research, few previous studies have assessed the impact of population adaptation to heat. METHODS We examined adaptation patterns by analyzing daily temperature and mortality data spanning more than a century in New York City. U...

Historic data on biodiversity provide the context for present observations and allow studying long-term changes in marine populations. Here we present multiple datasets on fish and fisheries of the Adriatic Sea covering the last two centuries encompassing from qualitative observations to standardised scientific monitoring. The datasets consist of three groups: (1) early naturalists' description...