The prevention of injuries can be carried out by undertaking injury surveys; one survey carried out in conjunction with Gibson, (1978) looking for risk factors in the Rugby Union, the largest risk factor that emerged was foul play over 30% of injuries actually occurred as a result of such behaviour. The governing bodies of Rugby Football therefore are now considering allowing linesmen who are q...

A local anaesthetic block of branches of the greater auricular and auriculotemporal nerves was used to facilitate the extraction of retained butterfly backs and ear-ring studs. A total of 28 ear blocks were performed on 26 patients. Two patients required bilateral ear blocks, and 17 earlobes were infected. Complete analgesia was obtained in 25 cases, and two patients complained of tolerable dis...

Semen production is an important parameter to A.I. studs in the pig industry. This parameter can only be evaluated once the boar has entered quarantine and semen has been collected. Therefore, a protocol to score the testes size of the boars subjectively was developed. We evaluated these subjective scores of testes size as a predictor of semen production and its correlations to female reproduct...

Reproductive data of 1910 Thoroughbred mares from seven Polish studs were analyzed using linear animal model. The mares were born between 1929 and 1994. The frequency of multiple pregnancies was 3.5% in this population. Fecundity (defined as ratio of number of progeny to number of pregnancies) and length of reproduction were recorded. Heritability estimates of fecundity and the number of pregna...

Large-scale artificial insemination services in Queensland date from 1955. In that year a bull-proving project was inaugurated for the purpose of locating dairy sires of outstanding genetic merit from Queensland studs. The project requires the artificial insemination of at least 1,000 cows each year in the Nambour region of south-east Queensland. In September, 1957, an artificial insemination c...

Donkeys are bred throughout the world and often play an important role in agriculture. They are also bred to produce mules. Traditionally, jacks are considered challenging to breed in domestic conditions, whether for natural breeding or semen collection using either jennies or mares. The donkey’s natural sexual behaviour significantly differs from that of other domestic animals. This presents c...