Abstract RNA turnover is essential in all domains of life. The endonuclease RNase Y (rny) one the key components involved metabolism model organism Bacillus subtilis. Essentiality has been a matter discussion, since deletion rny gene possible, but leads to severe phenotypic effects. In this work, we demonstrate that mutant strain rapidly evolves suppressor mutations at least partially alleviate...

perforin gene (prf1) mutations have been reported in 20-30% of patients with familial hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (fhl), an immune disorder of infancy and early childhood. cytotoxic t and natural killer (nk) cell activities are remarkably reduced or ab-sent in fhl patients. we report the first cases of familial hemophagocytic lymphohistiocy-tosis in an iranian family with two siblings. e...

cell expansion and cell division are two main processes in plant growth and development. expansin proteins play a role key in cell expansion. these non-enzyme proteins involve in many growth and developmental processes. this protein affects drought tolerance. atexpb2 gene belongs to these proteins family. atexpb2 gene mainly expresses in the root tissue. in this study the expb2 gene, that was i...

Abstract: iNOS is inducible by a variety of factors related to inflammation and referred to as inducible NOS(iNOS). It is regulated at the level of gene expression; once expressed, it produces NO at a high rate. iNOS gene-expression profiling is an important tool in understanding molecular markers of the responses of cells and tissues to external factors. In this article a semiquantitative reve...

Genetic studies by Epstein, Edgar, and their colleagues1-3 with conditional lethal (amber and temperature-sensitive) mutants of bacteriophage T4 have led to the construction of a genetic map for this phage, containing approximately 70 different genes of which 20 are believed to function in DNA synthesis. Thus far, only one of these genes has been identified with a specific enzymatic function. W...

The structural gene for DNA polymerase II was cloned by using a synthetic inosine-containing oligonucleotide probe corresponding to 11 amino acids, which were determined by sequencing the amino terminus of the purified protein. The labeled oligonucleotide hybridized specifically to the lambda clone 7H9 from the Kohara collection as well as to plasmid pGW511 containing the SOS-regulated dinA gen...

During nonpermissive infection by a T7 amber mutant in gene 1 (phage RNA polymerase-deficient), synthesis of the products of the phage genes 3 (endonuclease), 3, 5 (lysozyme), 5 (DNA polymerase), and 17 (serum blocking power) was shown to occur at about half the rate as during wild-type infection. This relatively high rate of expression of "late" genes (transcribed normally by the phage RNA pol...

Influenza viruses readily mutate by accumulating point mutations and also by reassortment in which they acquire whole gene segments from another virus in a co-infected host. The NS1 gene is a major virulence factor of influenza A virus. The effects of changes in NS1 sequence depend on the influenza polymerase constellation. Here, we investigated the consequences of a virus with the polymerase o...

Background and Aims: Virus-Induced Gene Silencing (VIGS) is a virus vector technology that exploits antiviral defense mechanism. By infecting plants with recombinant viruses containing host genes inserted in the viral genome, VIGS achieves the RNA silencing process. The purpose of this study was to investigate the possibility of tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) and tobacco (Nicotiana be...