A capillary plasma z-pinch as an alternative active medium of soft X-Ray lasers was studied experimentally and theoretically. The theoretical analysis was based on the self consistent solution of the so called “snow plow” model. The dynamics of pinched plasma is determined by the capillary parameters and by the time dependence of electrical current passing through it. The current time dependenc...

PROBLEM Translational research aims to move scientific discoveries across the biomedical spectrum from the laboratory to humans, and to ultimately transform clinical practice and public health policies. Despite efforts to accelerate translational research through national initiatives, several major hurdles remain. APPROACH The authors created the Pitt Innovation Challenge (PInCh) as an incent...

It is shown that Cornwall’s pinch technique can be extended in a consistent diagrammatic way, so as to describe general background field gauges in Yang-Mills theories. The resulting one-loop Green’s functions are found to obey Ward identities identical to those derived from the classical action at the tree level. This generalization of the pinch technique may hence be related to the background ...

In this work we present a biomechanical model of the normal and reconstructed human hand. The objective of this model is to predict muscle forces during the following three tasks: tip pinch, key pinch and grasp. The model takes into account all the available tendons in the fingers. Two common tendon transfers, to reconstruct the pathological hands, are then simulated. The brachioradialis BR tra...

It is known that vortex rings formed by large stroke ratios ~in a piston/cylinder arrangement! pinch off from their generating jets at a fairly constant universal time scale. In this paper we show that the hypothesis that at the pinch off the translational velocity of the ring equals the jet flow velocity near the ring is equivalent to the recently proposed idea based on a variational principle...

Dendrite sidebranch detachment is an important fragmentation mechanism during the solidification of alloys. The detachment occurs at the junction between a sidearm and its parent stem. While this pinching process is driven by capillarity, the presence of solidification opposes the instability. Using a simple numerical model of a single sidearm, we are able to capture the essential dynamics of d...

An AB single-subject research design was used to assess the effectiveness of a short thumb opponens splint on hand function in a 4-year-old girl with cerebral palsy. Baseline data for active range of motion, grip and pinch strength, grasp patterns, the Box and Block Test of manual dexterity (Mathiowetz, Voland, Kashman, & Weber, 1985), and 1-in. cube stacking were collected twice a week for 4 w...

In chemical engineering, pinch analysis holds a long tradition as a method for determining optimal target values for heat or mass exchanger networks by calculating an optimal alignment of available flows. A graphical representation of the time-material production relationship derived from the original pinch analysis can be used for aggregate production planning. This can deliver insights in the...

The transverse carpal ligament (TCL) serves as the origin of the thenar muscles and is integral to thenar muscle contraction anatomically and biomechanically. TCL hypertrophy has been observed in patients with carpal tunnel syndrome and is potentially caused by repetitive hand use. The purpose of this study was to investigate the biomechanical interaction between the TCL and the thenar muscles....

OBJECTIVE To describe the impaired fine-motor skills in patients with traumatic brain injury acquired in childhood. DESIGN A total of 165 patients with traumatic brain injury, aged 0-17 years, injured during the period 1987-1991, were identified. Fifteen years post-injury a questionnaire was sent to the patients. Twenty-six of the subjects had upper limb problems, 15 of whom agreed to partici...