Ligament is prone to injury and degeneration and has poor healing potential and, with currently ineffective treatment strategies, stem cell therapies may provide an exciting new treatment option. Ligament-derived stem cell (LDSC) populations have been isolated from a number of different ligament types with the majority of studies focussing on periodontal ligament. To date, only a few studies ha...

The aim of this study was to evaluate the viability of periodontal ligament cells of avulsed teeth in three different storage media. Forty-five mature premolars extracted for orthodontic therapeutic purposes were randomly and equally divided into three groups according to the storage medium: milk (control), rice water and egg white. After placing extracted teeth for 30 min in storage media, the...

Bone tissue regeneration is a major, worldwide medical need, and several strategies have been developed to support the regeneration of extensive bone defects, including stem cell based bone grafts. In addition to the application of stem cells with high osteogenic potential, it is important to maintain proper blood flow in a bone graft to avoid inner graft necrosis. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs)...

BACKGROUND Mineral trioxide aggregate, or MTA, is a new material developed for endodontics that appears to be a significant improvement over other materials for procedures in bone. It is the first restorative material that consistently allows for the overgrowth of cementum, and it may facilitate the regeneration of the periodontal ligament. CASE DESCRIPTION The authors present five cases in w...

The periodontal ligament (PDL) is a soft biological tissue which shows a strongly nonlinear and time dependent mechanical behavior. Recent experiments on rabbit PDL revealed that the rate of stress relaxation is strain dependent. This nonlinear behavior of PDL cannot be described well by the separable quasi linear viscoelasticity theory which is usually used in tissue biomechanics. Therefore, P...

Distal-less homeobox 2 (Dlx2) is a member of the homeodomain family of transcription factors and is important for the development of cranial neural crest cells (CNCCs)‑derived craniofacial tissues. Previous studies revealed that Dlx2 was expressed in the cementum and a targeted null mutation disrupted tooth development in mice. However, whether Dlx2 overexpression may impair in vivo tooth morph...

The presence of stem cells in the periodontal ligament was supported by several findings where a opulation of mesenchymal stem cells from the periodontal ligament has been isolated and characterizedshowing the ability to express a variety of stromalcells markers. The in vivo regenerative capacity of human periodontium-derived stem cells (PdSCs) was investigated by using 10-week-old athymic nude...

Physiologic drift of teeth requires remodeling alveolar bone at the tooth socket wall. Remodeling must be regulated so that collagenous attachments are maintained as new tooth positions are established. Thus, alveolar remodeling must occur coincident to remodeling of the Sharpey’s fibers which are embedded within that bone. Studies suggest that these fibers are severed at resorptive sites on th...

We carried out an experiment to induce traumatic occlusion in mice periodontal tissue and analyzed the expression of HSP47. Continuous traumatic occlusion resulted to damage and remodeling of periodontal ligament as well as increase in osteoclasts and bone resorption. Four days after traumatic occlusion, osteoclasts did not increase but Howship's lacunae became enlarged. That is, the persistent...

Cementum is a periodontal support tissue that is directly connected to the periodontal ligament. It shares common traits with bone tissues, however, unlike bone, the cementum has a limited capacity for regeneration. As a result, following damage the cementum rarely, if ever, regenerates. Periodontal ligament cells (PDLCs) are able to differentiate into osteoblastic and cementogenic lineages acc...