Anaphylaxis or anaphylactoid reaction in pediatric patient during anesthesia is rare. We report a rocuronium induced anaphylactic reaction in a 33-month-old female. The patient was scheduled to undergo escharectomy due to injuries suffered from a major burn. Shortly after administration of rocuronium, the patient developed severe hypotension, tachycardia, and hypoxia. A similar reaction occurre...

Ultrasound-guided regional anesthesia techniques placed under general anesthesia have not been reported in pediatric patients with acute intermittent porphyria (AIP). A 9-year-old male with AIP presented for right inguinal herniorraphy. Family history included one relative's death after anesthesia. Preoperative preparation included reviewing medications safe for AIP patients, minimizing known A...

BACKGROUND Emergence Agitation (EA) is a common problem in pediatric anesthesia. The current study evaluated the effect of intravenous lidocaine combined with propofol or thiopental sodium to control EA by sevoflurane in children. OBJECTIVES The current study aimed to compare the effectiveness of two anesthesia regimen propofol-lidocaine and thiopental sodium lidocaine to control sevoflurane-...

BACKGROUND Use of laryngeal mask airways (LMAs) has been advocated for children with upper respiratory tract infection (URI). However, no randomized trial has yet compared intravenous corticosteroids versus placebo in these patients. OBJECTIVES We hypothesized the lower incidence of postoperative cough (as the primary outcome) with intravenous corticosteroid versus placebo in pediatric patien...

This article focuses on the intraoperative anesthetic care of infants and children undergoing noncardiovascular thoracic surgery. Surgical disorders afflicting infants and children are described, with an emphasis on features impacting anesthetic care. Techniques for performing singlelung ventilation in pediatric patients are summarized. Anesthetic management, including regional anesthetic techn...

BACKGROUND Recent upper respiratory infection (URI) in children increases respiratory adverse events following anesthesia for elective surgery. The increased risk continues weeks after resolution of acute URI symptoms. Few systematic analyses have explored specific risk factors. This logistic regression explores the relationship between preoperative URI symptoms and adverse events during emerge...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Wada testing may provide important information for surgical planning in pediatric patients with medically refractory epilepsy, but it is often not used because of the difficulties in performing the angiographic portion of the procedure in conscious children. We reviewed our experience using propofol, a short-acting IV administered anesthetic agent, for pediatric patients ...

Since the recommended time for a child's first dental visit is early, it is essential that pediatric dentists be familiar with all possible pathologies occurring during this early period of life. The parents of infants and toddlers who notice in their child a "tongue-tie" (ankyloglossia) are likely to turn first to their pediatric dentist for advice and help. Treatment options such as observati...

In this report we describe difficult ventilation during anesthesia as well as in the pediatric intensive care unit in a pediatric patient with pulmonary fibrosis. We discuss how an initial diagnosis of acute spontaneous pneumothorax, a correctable problem, misdirected perioperative planning and anesthetic management of a patient with severe pulmonary fibrosis.

Pediatric gonadectomy is most commonly performed by humane organizations as a means of population control. Benefits and detriments of gonadectomy are reviewed, with special attention to literature describing effects specific to age at gonadectomy. Techniques for pediatric anesthesia and surgery are reviewed.