a r t i c l e i n f o The rapid expansion of high-spatial resolution optical sensors and imagery over the last decade presents exceptional opportunities for quantifying visible attributes of geomorphic systems. In this study, we detail a simple, robust methodology (ChanGeom) to extract continuous channel width and centerline datasets for single-thread channels using freely available high-spatia...

The Ramsay-Graham heterogeneous simple shear zone model revolutionized our understanding of finite strain variation in orogenic belts. Many deeply exhumed (>20 km depths) zones continental crust are a consequence sub-simple accumulation during contraction and displacement at high temperature. Here we explore the micro-scale record this process using syn-kinematic monazite two >20,000 km2 terran...

• Ultrahigh pressure (UHP) eclogite is absent from the rock record before c. 0.6 Ga. Continental crust (CC) has experienced secular change, becoming more felsic with time. Mafic Archean CC becomes too dense to exhume UHP conditions are reached. More mafic would have been submerged by a global ocean 1.3 km deep. Implications for hypotheses requiring subaerial land emergence of life. The absence ...

The Altiplano-Puna Magma Body (APMB) in the Central Andes is the largest imaged magma reservoir on Earth, and is located within the second highest orogenic plateau on Earth, the Altiplano-Puna. Although the APMB is a first-order geologic feature similar to the Sierra Nevada batholith, its role in the surface uplift history of the Central Andes remains uncertain. Here we show that a long-wavelen...