Pervaginal childbirth until now is still the choice of method that considered safest and economical. Although delivery assistance has been done correctly, most women will experience perineal trauma during vaginal labor process require suturing. The problem often faced by a mother who tear pain suturing last suture wound dry duration healing wound. This type research quantitative analytics using...

Introduction: Objective structured clinical examination (OSCE) is used for the evaluation of the clinical competence in medicine for which it is essential to measure validity and reliability. This study aimed to investigate the validity and reliability of OSCE for residents of obstetrics and gynecology at Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences in 2011. Methods: A descriptive-correlation stud...

Literature review of reports concerning the parasitic fauna floating cage fishes in Iraq till end 2021 showed that a total 57 parasite species are so far known from three fish investigated for infections throughout country. The included 15 ciliophorans, myxozoans, two trematodes, 28 monogeneans, five cestodes, one nematode, acanthocephalan and crustaceans. common carp Cyprinus carpio was infect...

Problem: The scientific method is unrivalled as a basis for generating useful knowledge, yet research papers published in management, economics, and other social sciences fields often ignore scientific principles. What, then, can be done to increase the publication of useful scientific papers? Methods: Evidence on researchers’ compliance with scientific principles was examined. Guidelines aimed...

Remote agents used in Deep Space Missions such as rovers or solar airplanes must function autonomously over a prolonged time during planetary exploration. The Mission Data System (MDS) framework has been developed to address design and deployment of these complex systems. We are using the Maude environment to develop a formal framework with methods and supporting tools for increasing the depend...

The number of potentially preventable medical errors that occur has been steadily increasing. These are a significant cause of patient morbidity, can lead to life-threatening complications and may result in a significant financial burden on health care. Effective communication and team working reduce errors and serious incidents. In particular the implementation of the World Health Organisation...

The humble checklist, while no one would deny its utility in evaluation and elsewhere, is usually thought to fall somewhat below the entry level of what we call a methodology, let alone a theory. But many checklists used in evaluation incorporate a quite complex theory, or at least a set of assumptions, which we are well advised to uncover; and the process of validating an evaluative checklist ...

OBJECTIVES Considering equity into guidelines presents methodological challenges. This study aims to qualitatively synthesise the methods for incorporating equity in clinical practice guidelines (CPGs). SETTING Content analysis of methodological publications. ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA FOR SELECTING STUDIES Methodological publications were included if they provided checklists/frameworks on when, ...