88 words Text 2511 words (excluding abstract, Methods, References and figure legends) Figures 4 figures (in color)

Background: Modes of neurotoxic action after Mnoverexposure are not fully understood. Results: The blood-CSF barrier showed higher Mnsensitivity and active Mn-transport properties. Conclusion: The blood-CSF barrier might be the major route for Mn into the brain. Significance: Deeper insight in the impact of Mn on and its transfer across brain barrier systems might help to prevent irreversible n...

Although urinary excretion levels of dialkyl­ phosphates (DAPs)—which are metabo­ lites and environmental degradates of OP insecticides—are useful as quantitative indi­ cators of exposure to OPs in agricultural workers, they are not as useful for the gen­ eral population. For agricultural workers, the source of the OP and time of exposure are typically known, and there is substan­ tial exposure...

Biotransformation of imidacloprid and the appearance of olefin and 5-hydroxyimidacloprid metabolites in the honeybee were studied by HPLC-MS/MS analysis. Honeybees were treated orally with imidacloprid at 20 and 50 microg kg(-1) bee. Imidacloprid was metabolised relatively quickly and thoroughly. Twenty minutes after the beginning of imidacloprid ingestion, the sum of the residues from the thre...

Neuropsychiatric symptoms affect nearly half of the patients with systemic lupus erythematosus; however, the effect on disease severity, quality of life, and prognosis is tremendous. Symptoms of neuropsychiatric systemic lupus erythematosus may range from mild diffuse ones, to acute life threatening events. Although the underlying mechanisms are still largely unraveled, several pathogenic pathw...

Neuropsychiatric symptoms in 65 welders exposed to aluminium and 217 railroad track welders were studied with the aid of a previously validated questionnaire. Semiquantitative data on exposure to the metals aluminium, chromium, lead, manganese, and nickel were also recorded by questionnaire. Logistic regression was employed to study the relation between exposure and the prevalence of symptoms. ...

Acute exposure to high doses of toluene can generate respiratory depression. However, neurotoxic mechanism of its action in the brainstem is not completely clear. In this work, acute, but not subchronic, exposure of rats to toluene increased leu-enkephalin immunostaining in several myelencephalic nuclei implicated in cardiorespiratory control. Due to the physiological role of enkephalins in the...

The lateral mammillary nuclei are a central structure within the head direction system yet there is still relatively little known about how these nuclei contribute to spatial performance. In the present study, rats with selective neurotoxic lesions of the lateral mammillary nuclei were tested on a working memory task in a radial-arm maze. This task requires animals to distinguish between eight ...