Katuk leaves contain chemicals in the form of alkaloids, triterpenoids, saponins, tannins, polyphenols, glycosides and flavonoids, so they are widely used as antioxidants. One factor can affect chemical content yield extract is drying method. The purpose this study was to determine effect different methods on katuk leaf extract. This research method experimental Posttest Only Design. were dried...

Global waste production has raised recently due to numerous agricultural and industrial activities. Among other actions devoted to waste reduction, revaluation seems to be the most advantageous one from an environmental and economic point of view. In the olive oil sector, by-product management (namely olive pomace, olive mill wastewater, and sludge residue) poses serious problems for companies,...

The green lumber products tend towards a state of equilibrium with the surrounding environment. The final target is the equilibrium moisture content (EMC). Whether is natural convection in the lumberyard or forced convection in the kiln drier, the road towards the final EMC consumes time and energy. The air drying operations (natural convection) are not an easy task for the drying management. T...

The high cost of imported fishmeal as animal protein source is one the limiting factors in raising broiler chickens particularly Nigeria. Maggots are housefly larvae that rich which could be used alternative to production. This study assessed differently processed Maggot Meal (MM) replacement for broilers diet a completely randomized design. A total 144 day old Arbor Acre were randomly divided ...

Drying via solar energy is an environmentally friendly and inexpensive process. For controlled bulk level drying, a greenhouse dryer the most suitable dryer. The efficiency of can be increased by using thermal storage. agricultural products dried in greenhouses are reported to higher quality than those sun because they shielded from dust, rain, insects, birds, animals. heat storage-based was fo...

The main aim of this study was to develop an integrated solar-tracking system maximize the efficiency solar heaters manufactured from recyclable aluminum cans (RAC) for optimum drying apple slices. results revealed that thermal air heater incorporated with a tracking unit significantly improved by about 45% compared conventional fixed at all tested flow rates. highest 87.1% equipped achieved ra...

More freshwater ecosystems are drying in response to global change thereby posing serious threat to freshwater biota and functions. The production of desiccation-resistant forms is an important adaptation that helps maintain biodiversity in temporary freshwaters by buffering communities from drying, but its potential to mitigate the negative effects of drying in freshwater ecosystems could vary...

We study the behavior of mortars where 0%, 10%, 20%, 30%, 50% and 100% of their original natural sand was replaced by ceramic sand in a search of potential new building materials that will help to conserve natural resources and that are environmentally friendly. In this paper, the physical properties of the sands and their derived mortars, including their compressive strength, flexural strength...