The Multiprotocol Label Switching (MPLS) Architecture [1] discusses a way in which Asynchronous Transfer Mode (ATM) switches may be used as Label Switching Routers. The ATM switches run network layer routing algorithms (such as Open Shortest Path First (OSPF), Intermediate System to Intermediate System (IS-IS), etc.), and their data forwarding is based on the results of these routing algorithms...

A novel multi-reference capacitor switching scheme for ultralow power successive approximation register (SAR) ADCs is proposed. By using 5 references, the proposed switching scheme only dissipates 10.6 CVREF average energy and requires 256 unit capacitors, which are reduced by 99.2% and 87.5%, compared to the conventional structure. Besides, the common-mode voltage of the comparator input is ap...

In this paper the extension of LaSalle’s Invariance Principle for switched nonlinear systems is studied. Unlike most existing results in which each switching mode in the system needs to be asymptotically stable, in this paper we allow the switching modes to be only stable. Under certain ergodicity assumptions of the switching signals, two extensions of LaSalle’s Invariance Principle for global ...

A three-box model of haline and thermal mode overturning is developed to study thermohaline oscillations found in a number of ocean general circulation models and that might have occurred in warm equable paleoclimates. By including convective adjustment modified to represent the localized nature of deep convection, the box model shows that a steady haline mode circulation is unstable. For certa...

This paper proposes three wake-up approaches to reduce the battery power consumption for a mobile multimedia handset. These approaches switch the system into the sleep mode when the memory queue for the arriving packets is empty. Depending on the approaches, various wake-up mechanisms are considered. The threshold approach switches on the system when the number of packets in the memory queue is...

It is well known that for uncertain linear systems, a static output feedback sliding mode controller can only be determined if a particular triple associated with the reduced order dynamics in the sliding mode is stabilizable. This paper shows that the static output feedback sliding mode control design problem can be solved for a broader class of systems if a known delay term is deliberately in...

We characterize analytically the departure process from the following three burst aggregation algorithms: the time based aggregation algorithm, the burst-length based aggregation algorithm and the time and burst-length based aggregation algorithm. The arrival process of packets is assumed to be Poisson or bursty modeled by an Interrupted Poisson Process (IPP). The analytic results are approxima...

Foraging mode is a functional trait with cascading impacts on ecological communities. The foraging syndrome hypothesis posits a suite of concurrent traits that vary with foraging mode; however, comparative studies testing this hypothesis are typically interspecific. While foraging modes are often considered typological for a species when predicting foraging-related traits or mode-specific casca...

We propose new burst assembly techniques that aim at reducing the average delay experienced by the packets during the burstification process in optical burst switched (OBS) networks, for a given average size of the bursts produced. These techniques use a linear prediction filter to estimate the number of packet arrivals at the ingress node in the following interval, and launch a new burst into ...

This paper presents an LQR-based sliding surface design procedure that takes, in addition to the desired weighting matrix, a preset real eigenvalue consequential in discrete VSS as inputs. A weighting matrix that simultaneously stays``closest'' to the desired one and yields the preset eigenvalue is sought. Sliding surface is then determined from the optimal gain matrix and the preset eigenvalue...