Highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) leads to lipodystrophy and is associated with detrimental changes in glucose and lipid metabolism. This study investigated the impact of rosiglitazone on insulin sensitivity, beta cell function, bone mineral density, and body composition in HIV+ nondiabetic subjects under HAART. In this randomized, double blind, placebo controlled parallel group stud...

Diabetes mellitus has been demonstrated to be closely associated with osteoporosis. Accordingly, hypoglycemic therapy is considered effective in treating metabolic bone disease. Recently, the effects of dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitors, a new type of antidiabetic drug, on bone metabolism have been widely studied. This review mainly describes the effects of DPP-4 inhibitors on bone meta...

Mineral and bone metabolism are regulated differently in utero compared with the adult. The fetal kidneys, intestines, and skeleton are not dominant sources of mineral supply for the fetus. Instead, the placenta meets the fetal need for mineral by actively transporting calcium, phosphorus, and magnesium from the maternal circulation. These minerals are maintained in the fetal circulation at hig...

During a series of experiments designed to study mineral metabolism on rice diets (Cullumbine, Basnayake, LeMottee & Wickramanayake, 1950), it was also found possible to estimate the nitrogen content of the food and excreta for the group of twelve subjects and so to determine whether there were any differences in the nitrogen metabolism of subjects when eating diets first high in unpolished ric...

OBJECTIVE Prolonged immobilization in stroke is known to result in hypercalciuria, hypercalcemia, accelerated bone resorption, and osteoporosis. Furthermore, bone mineral loss accelerated with increasing duration of hemiplegia. Although stroke is a common disease that causes sudden immobilization, relatively few investigations of bone metabolism in stroke have been reported. The aim of this stu...

The principal hormones involved in calcium metabolism and bone remodeling are parathyroid hormone (PTH), calcitonin, and vitamin D (D3). Other hormones, such as the thyroid hormones, growth hormone, androgens, estrogens, and the glucocorticoids also influence mineral homeostasis and bone metabolism. The three primary target tissues for these hormones are bone, kidney, and intestine. These three...

The effects on mineral metabolism of therapeutic doses of corticosteroids were investigated in infantile cortical hyperostosis; in four untreated cases the calcium, phosphorus, and magnesium balances were strongly positive. In one severe case, treatment with prednisolone was associated with an alteration to negative calcium and magnesium balance, and faecal losses of calcium were particularly h...

conclusions serum p and ipth levels were independently associated with et-1 and those may play a role in development of endothelial dysfunction in chronic kidney disease. patients and methods in this cross-sectional study, 46 chronic stable hd patients were selected from nephrology departments of tabriz university of medical sciences affiliated hospitals and classified based on phosphorus (p), ...

background: recently, osteoporosis is an increasingly important public health problem in men. the aim of this study was to investigate relationship between life style and bone mineral density in men. methods: among the 20-76 year-old men of tehran, 325 persons were selected randomly from 50 clusters. the persons suffering from rheumatoid arthritis, thyroid diseases, fractures or other condition...