A whole-genome association study of milk production traits: milk yield, protein yield, fat yield, protein percentage, and fat percentage, was performed on the population of Braunvieh cattle. Five hundred and fifty-four progeny-tested bulls and 36,219 autosomal single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers on 29 Bos taurus autosomes (BTA) were included in the analysis. A principal component analy...

Closer study of premature infants has led to the establishment of human milk as the recommended nutritional standard for them. Infants fed with human milk are found to gain protection against necrotizing enterocolitis, and have fewer upper respiratory tract infections and systemic infections. Antibacterial components of human milk include leukocytes (macrophages, granulocytes, and T and B cel...

Have you ever noticed that babies younger than 6 months only drink milk? This is because their digestive system is not quite developed enough to handle all the different foods and drinks that you can easily digest. You may have also noticed that babies cannot walk, talk, or read during that same time. This is partially because their brains also have not matured enough to let them do activities ...

In 2007–2008, among children and adolescents aged 2–19 years, 77.7% of boys and 67.4% of girls reported daily consumption of milk. Fewer than 10% of children and adolescents reported never consuming milk over the preceding 30 days. Among children and adolescents who reported milk consumption, two-percent milk was reported as the usual type of milk consumed more often than other milk types. Only...

Proteins are polymers composed of 30 or more amino acids; some of them are essential dietary components, since they are not synthetized by human metabolic processes. They are crucial for healthy growth and development and influence major functions of the body. The infant's first year is a critical time of rapid growth and development, which must be supported by a high rate of protein synthesis....

Bovine milk proteins have a low absorption rate due to gastric acid-induced coagulation. Acidified milk remains liquid under acidic conditions; therefore, the absorption rate of its protein may differ from that of untreated milk. To investigate how this would affect muscle protein synthesis (MPS), we compared MPS after ingestion of acidified versus skim milk in rats. Male Sprague-Dawley rats sw...

Several human health problems have been related to the allergenic constitution of bovine milk due to the body's immune reaction to milk proteins. It is necessary find solutions to minimize the occurrence of such reactions, given the importance of milk as a source of animal protein. The aim of this study was to evaluate the allelic frequency of the CSN2 gene and to evaluate differences in the ch...

Free oligosaccharides are abundant components of mammalian milk and have primary roles as prebiotic compounds, in immune defense, and in brain development. A mass spectrometry-based technique is applied to profile milk oligosaccharides from apes (chimpanzee, gorilla, and siamang), new world monkeys (golden lion tamarin and common marmoset), and an old world monkey (rhesus). The purpose of this ...

The ability to growth in milk is an important feature for lactic acid bacteria (LAB) used as starters for fermented milk products. Several decades ago the results of the studies varied widely: some of them showed that LAB grew better in raw milk and others demonstrated improved growth of the bacteria in heat-treated milk (Foster et al., 1952). The effectiveness of heat treatment of milk as a to...