Apple (Malus × domestica Borkh.), a popular and widely cultivated fruit world-wide, contains bioactive triterpenes and phenolic compounds with potentially valuable pharmacological functions. This thesis investigated the effects of pre-harvest and postharvest factors on concentrations of these bioactive compounds in apples. It also studied the effect of ozone treatment, before or during storage,...

The aim of the present study was to investigate the importance of the preculture conditions on the survival of apple (Malus domestica Borkh., cv. Romus4 and rootstock M106) shoot tips cryopreserved using a combined droplet vitrification procedure. Preculture was critical for the survival of apple shoot tips after cryopreservation. Among the different tested sugars and sugar alcohols (glucose, s...

Question Malus sylvestris is considered an endangered tree species in Central Europe. Hybridization with domestica poses a serious threat to the genetic integrity of wild species. Here we investigate whether M. and hybrid × occur same habitat or have different ecological niches threatened by displacement hybrid. Location Northern Bavaria. Methods Taxon delimitation was accomplished using six mi...

The absorption and utilization of NH4+ NO3− by plant roots is closely related to soil moisture. In this study, we investigated the effect short-time drought rewatering on uptake assimilation in 1-year-old Malus hupehensis plants, as well transcription changes ammonium transporters (AMTs) nitrate (NRTs). roots, content reductase activity decreased under some extent was restored after rewatering....

Markov chains (MCs) are widely used to model a great deal of financial and actuarial problems. Likewise, they also in many other fields ranging from economics, management, agricultural sciences, engineering or informatics medicine. This paper focuses on the use MCs for design non-life bonus-malus systems (BMSs). It proposes quantifying uncertainty transition probabilities BMSs by using fuzzy nu...