BACKGROUND Previous research has shown that oral processing characteristics like bite size and oral residence duration are related to the satiating efficiency of foods. Oral processing characteristics are influenced by food texture. Very little research has been done on the effect of food texture within solid foods on energy intake. OBJECTIVES The first objective was to investigate the effect...

Adolescents in Australia have a poor dietary intake, leading to large numbers of them being at risk for inadequate intake of micronutrients, and excessive intake of less healthful dietary components. This study examined dietary intakes at multiple eating occasions to identify opportunities for more targeted recommendations and strategies to improve dietary intakes among adolescents. Data from t...

UNLABELLED Aims/Introduction:  One of the reasons for the poor adherence to α-glucosidase inhibitor (αGI) treatment is the need to take medication three times a day. We hypothesized that the administration of miglitol might be effective for the next meal if the miglitol-induced inhibition of α-glucosidase activity persists until the next meal. In the present study, we evaluated whether the admi...

We investigated the effect of fast food on diurnal lipid and carbohydrate profiles in healthy young Japanese women. Eight healthy young women with the apolipoprotein E3/3 phenotype were studied on two occasions in a randomized crossover design. On one occasion, the subjects consumed common foods at breakfast (9:00), lunch (13:00), and dinner (19:00) (C trial). On the other occasion, they consum...

Food labelling has been previously reported to influence energy intake (EI). Whether food labels influence postexercise EI remains to be determined. We assessed how food labelling and exercise (Ex) interact to influence food perception and postexercise EI. In this randomized crossover design, 14 inactive women participated in 4 experimental conditions: Ex (300 kcal at 70% of VO2peak) and lunch ...

AIM We studied the correlations between fasting and post-lunch serum IGF-I concentrations, and insulin resistance and insulin sensitivity in subjects with various degrees of glucose tolerance. MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 12 nondiabetic subjects, 09 subjects with impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) and 18 patients with newly diagnosed type-2 diabetes of either sex (mean age, 46 years) were r...

Evaluation of the existence of a diurnal pattern of glucose tolerance after mixed meals is important to inform a closed-loop system of treatment for insulin requiring diabetes. We studied 20 healthy volunteers with normal fasting glucose (4.8 ± 0.1 mmol/L) and HbA(1c) (5.2 ± 0.0%) to determine such a pattern in nondiabetic individuals. Identical mixed meals were ingested during breakfast, lunch...

IZA DP No. 11234 DECEMBER 2017 Long-Term Effects of Childhood Nutrition: Evidence from a School Lunch Reform* We examine the long-term impact of a policy that introduced free and nutritious school lunches in Swedish primary schools. For this purpose, we use historical data on the gradual implementation of the policy across municipalities and employ a difference-in-differences design to estimate...

While children may be naturally inclined to regulate their hunger, they are also guided by adults and influenced by environmental constraints regarding when and how much to eat. As such, the timing and availability of meals could alter a child's natural eating habits. This could impact the nutritional quality of what they eat as well. We conducted a field experiment with three fourth grade clas...

PURPOSE To assess the effect of consuming a mid-morning almond snack (28 and 42 g) tested against a negative control of no almonds on acute satiety responses. METHOD On three test days, 32 healthy females consumed a standard breakfast followed by 0, 28 or 42 g of almonds as a mid-morning snack and then ad libitum meals at lunch and dinner. The effect of the almond snacks on satiety was assess...