Lipodystrophy with increased intra-abdominal fat in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection is common in the era of highly active antiretroviral therapy. It contributes to the metabolic derangements, as it does in non-HIV-related conditions. Growth hormone administration reduces intra-abdominal fat content. This study compared the relative changes in omental-mesenteric (OMAT) and retroperi...

We previously reported a family in which a heterozygous missense mutation in Akt2 led to a dominantly inherited syndrome of insulin-resistant diabetes and partial lipodystrophy. To determine whether genetic variation in AKT2 plays a broader role in human metabolic disease, we sequenced the entire coding region and splice junctions of AKT2 in 94 unrelated patients with severe insulin resistance,...

The introduction of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) for patients infected with HIV has significantly prolonged the life expectancy and to some extent has restored a functional immune response. However, the premature introduction of HAART has led to a significant and alarming increase in cardiovascular complications, including myocardial infarction and the appearance of abnormal dis...

Obesity, insulin resistance and their attendant complications are among the leading causes of morbidity and premature mortality today, yet we are only in the early stages of understanding the molecular pathogenesis of these aberrant phenotypes. A powerful approach has been the study of rare patients with monogenic syndromes that manifest as extreme phenotypes. For example, there are striking si...

OBJECTIVES To explore the frequency and associated risk factors of recurrent diabetic ketoacidosis (RDKA) among Saudi adolescents with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM). METHODS A cross-sectional study was conducted among 103 T1DM adolescents (aged 13-18 years, 57 males) who were hospitalized for diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) between January 2013 and May 2014 at Prince Sultan Military Medical Cit...

To determine the prevalence and clinical characteristics of lipodystrophy in HIV-infected Thai patients, a cross-sectional study was performed on 278 HIV-infected patients at Bamrasnaradura Infectious Disease Institute. Laboratory data related to lipid and glucose metabolism were obtained from both patients who self reported fat maldistribution or diagnosed by a physician. The history of antire...

Berardinelli–Seip Congenital Lipodystrophy( BSCL) also called Congenital Generalised Lipodystrophy (CGL) is a very rare autosomal recessive metabolic syndrome with a prevalence of less than1 case in 12 million. About 200 cases have been reported so far world-wide. BSCL2 ,the more severe form of the disease with onset in the neonatal period or early infancy is present in Lebanon, Portugal, Norwa...

miRNAs are important regulators of biological processes in many tissues, including the differentiation and function of brown and white adipocytes. The endoribonuclease dicer is a major component of the miRNA-processing pathway, and in adipose tissue, levels of dicer have been shown to decrease with age, increase with caloric restriction, and influence stress resistance. Here, we demonstrated th...

23. 20. Walker UA, Langmann P, Miehle N, Zilly M, Klinker H, Petschner F. Beneficial effects of oral uridine in mitochondrial toxicity. AIDS. 2004;18:1085-1086. Abstract 21. Sutinen J, Walker UA, Sevastianova K, Hakkinen AM, Ristola M, Yki-Jarvinen H. Uridine supplementation increases subcutaneous fat in patients with HAART -associated lipodystrophy (HAL) -a randomized, placebo-controlled trial...

Lipodystrophic syndromes encompass a heterogeneous group of rare disorders characterized by partial or generalized loss of adipose tissue depots (1). They are commonly associated with dyslipidemia, hepatic steatosis, and severe insulin resistance (2). The fact that insulin resistance and the consequent progression to diabetes can result from either obesity or lipodystrophy reflects the crucial ...