Cranial radiotherapy in children typically causes delayed and progressive cognitive dysfunction and there is no effective preventive strategy for radiation-induced cognitive impairments. Here we show that lithium treatment reduced irradiation-induced progenitor cell death in the subgranular zone of the hippocampus, and subsequently ameliorated irradiation-reduced neurogenesis and astrogenesis i...

Effects of ionizing radiation on the level of genomic DNA methylation in liver, brain and spleen of mouse as well as in two kinds of cultured cells were examined by high-performance liquid chromatography. Ten Gy of whole body X-radiation reduced the 5-methyldeoxycytidine contents by about 40% within 8 hours after irradiation in liver. Similar effects were observed at 4 or 7 Gy of X-ray irradiat...

To simply and multitudinously synthesize hollow microspheres in a pure system is important for relevant research and application. Here, a simple and novel one-pot synthetic strategy to prepare polystyrene (PS) hollow microspheres via irradiation-assisted free-radical polymerizing and self-assembly (IFPS) approach under γ-ray irradiation with no additives introduced into the system is presented....

When partial or complete closure of a coronary artery occurs, angioplasty is commonly performed to reopen the artery. However, the frustration of laser and balloon angioplasty is that in many cases the plaque quickly accumulates to reclose the artery and this phenomenon is called restenosis. A device has been developed to deliver externally generated ionizing dose of pulsed x-ray irradiation to...

In the 11 “Report on Carcinogens” of the United States National Toxicology Program [1], X-irradiation and ionizing irradiation were placed on the list of known human carcinogens. This fact caused at least some confusion in the United States and led to a statement by the Radiologic Society of North America. This discussion was set in motion by a report by Pierce and Preston in 2000 on “Radiation...

This study examined ionizing radiation-induced tumor necrosis factor (ligand) superfamily, member 4 (TNFSF4) mRNA expression changes in human peripheral blood cells and their distribution in a normal population. The results showed that expression level of TNFSF4 mRNA exhibited a dose-dependent response after different irradiation doses, but that was independent of incubation time post-irradiati...

Ataxia telangiectasia is a neurodegenerative inherited disease with chromosomal instability and hypersensitivity to ionizing radiation. iPS cells lacking ATM (AT-iPS cells) exhibited hypersensitivity to X-ray irradiation, one of the characteristics of the disease. While parental ataxia telangiectasia cells exhibited significant chromosomal abnormalities, AT-iPS cells did not show any chromosoma...

Ever since x-rays were shown to induce mutation in Drosophila more than 70 years ago, prevailing dogma considered the genotoxic effects of ionizing radiation, such as mutations and carcinogenesis, as being due mostly to direct damage to the nucleus. Although there was indication that alpha particle traversal through cellular cytoplasm was innocuous, the full impact remained unknown. The availab...

any antioxidants have been studied as hepatoprotectors against ionizing radiation injury ince they reduce the oxidative effect of the reactive oxygen species to normal cells. Diphenyl imethyl bicarboxylate (DDB) has been clinically used against chemically damaged liver since has an antioxidant action for scavenging free radicals and inhibiting lipid peroxidation eactions. Ionizing radiation is ...

BACKGROUND Ionizing radiation induces altered brain tissue homeostasis and can lead to morphological and functional deficits. The aim of the present study was to investigate the short-term and long-term effect of ionizing radiation on cell population resides adult rat hippocampus. MATERIALS AND METHODS Adult male Wistar rats received whole- brain irradiation with fractionated doses of gamma r...