The best understood 3-manifolds are Haken 3-manifolds; these are manifolds that are irreducible and contain incompressible surfaces. One approach to 3-manifolds is to try to generalize the notion of an incompressible surface. Essential laminations and mapped-in π1-injective surfaces have both been used with some success as substitutes for incompressible surfaces, yielding theorems which apply t...

$r$-module. in this paper, we explore more properties of $max$-injective modules and we study some conditions under which the maximal spectrum of $m$ is a $max$-spectral space for its zariski topology.

This work connects the idea of a “blow-up” of a quiver with that of injectivity, showing that for a class of monic maps Φ, a quiver is Φ-injective if and only if all blow-ups of it are as well. This relationship is then used to characterize all quivers that are injective with respect to the natural embedding of Pn into Cn.

In this paper, we show the existence of copure injective preenvelopes over noetherian rings and copure flat preenvelopes over commutative artinian rings. We use this to characterize n-Gorenstein rings. As a consequence, if the full subcategory of strongly copure injective (respectively flat) modules over a left and right noetherian ring R has cokernels (respectively kernels), then R is 2-Gorens...

We prove that the relative commutant of a diffuse von Neumann subalgebra in a hyperbolic group von Neumann algebra is always injective. It follows that any non-injective subfactor in a hyperbolic group von Neumann algebra is non-Γ and prime. The proof is based on C∗-algebra theory.

$R$-module. In this paper, we explore more properties of $Max$-injective modules and we study some conditions under which the maximal spectrum of $M$ is a $Max$-spectral space for its Zariski topology.

We discuss a new type of weak factorization system. Although these systems provide (up to isomorphism) uniquely determined decompositions of morphisms, in general they do not constitute orthogonal factorizations and are not even functorial. Nevertheless, they arise naturally, as injective hulls or projective covers in comma categories. Surprisingly, often injective hulls and projective covers c...

It is shown that the injective tensor product of positive vector measures in certain Banach lattices is jointly continuous with respect to the weak convergence of vector measures. This result is obtained by a diagonal convergence theorem for injective tensor integrals. Our approach to this problem is based on Bartle’s bilinear integration theory. 2000 Mathematics subject classification: primary...

It is shown that a ring R is (von Neumann) regular if and only if every cyclic left R-module is GP -injective if and only if R is left PP and left GP -injective. In addition, two examples are given to answer two open questions in the negative. 2000 Mathematics Subject Classification: 16E50, 16D60