This article examines the livelihood strategies of land scarce peasants in Ethiopian. Land scarce peasants have a limited livelihood security on a sustainable manner and bypassed by major development programmes. The study was centred on two sets of rationales. First, for those peasants who do not have sufficient farmland, agriculture provides only a limited portion of households’ livelihood...

This study investigates the interrelationship between bank regulatory capital and diversification. We argue that might act as a substitutive mechanism of diversification to alleviate bank's default risk. As result, is likely discourage firms from excessive diversification, which in turn indirectly improve value. Using sample listed banks developed countries 2011 2017, we find total inversely as...

This study analyzed the impact of off-farm earnings on the intensity of adoption of improved maize varieties and the productivity of maize farming in Uganda in the years 2005/06 and 2009/10. Summary statistics show significantly higher adoption intensity and expenditure on purchased inputs among households with off-farm income relative to their counterparts without off-farm income. Households w...

This study uses data from the National Socio-Economic Survey (Susenas) for period March 2015, 2016 and 2017 which was collected by Central Statistics Agency (BPS). Berry Index (BI) Modified (MBI) analysis methods to measure level of household food diversification. The results state that rice is still an important ingredient people Java, but along with increase in income groups, proportion consu...

Resilience, independence and sovereignty have historically been successfully realized by local communities through diversification. In fact, diversification has institutionalized in farming dryland agroecosystems. This research uses a survey method to gather data from 250 farmers Tasikmalaya Regency, West Java, Indonesia, who carry out integrated plantation polyculture (IPPF). The main variable...

Both educational expenditures and attainment have increased sharply over the last decades, despite rising prices of education, and stagnating income returns to human capital. This paper emphasizes conditional employment risks hedging as additional motivation for education demand. Job risk diversification through education is strongly evidenced in the data, yet is absent from the Human Capital (...

In this paper, we analyze the impact of business models on bank stability in 15 EU countries between 2002 and 2011. We represent banks’ business models by the share of non-interest income in total operating income and the share of non-deposit funding in total liabilities. In contrast to the literature, we include in our sample a large number of unlisted banks, which represent the majority of ba...

Value-added (VA) technologies can help farmers in the specialty crops industry generate new products, increase off-season income sources, expand market access, and improve overall profitability. The United States Department of Agriculture defines VA agricultural products as those that have been changed physically or produced a manner enhances their value. Drawing from this definition, we invest...