Anelasticity, as suggested by Zener / I / in 1948, gives rise to internal friction which is independent of the strain amplitude. The internal friction which increases with an increase of strain amplitude was explained by Koehler /2/ and Granato and Liicke /3/ in terms of vibration string and unpinning of dislocations. Early in 1949, ~d /4, 5/ observed in slightly cold-worked dilute aluminium-co...

The small hysteresis in the martensitic transformations of shape memory alloys permits to determine experimentally differences in enthalpy and entropy to a high degree of precision. Due to the diffusionless nature of rhe martensitic transformation the configurarional entropy remains invariant and the entropy difference results mainly from differences in the phonon spectra, which are accessible ...

Much of the problem so lv ing done by both novices and experts uses "case-based" reasoning, or reasoning by analogy to previous s i m i l a r cases. We explore the ways in which case-based reasoning can help in problem s o l v i n g . According to our model, t r ans fe r of knowledge between cases is guided l a r ­ gely by the problem so lv ing process i t s e l f . Our model shows the i n t e ...

Phenomena exhibiting discontinuous change, divergent processes, and hysteresis can be modelled w i t h catastrophe theory, a recent development in differential topology. Exposition of t h e theory is illustrated by qualitative interpretations of the appearance of functions i n central place systems, and of price cycles for urban housing. Catastrophe Theory and Urban Processes John Casti and Har...