This Viewpoint addresses two issues in comparing data from humans and animals in studies of cardiovascular physiology: 1) accuracy of methods and 2) limits in extrapolating data from one species to another. You are invited to submit a brief commentary on this Viewpoint, which will be reviewed by Journal of Applied Physiology editors for possible publication in the Journal. Please limit your com...

Labor is a physiological event involving a sequential, integrated set of changes within the myometrium, deciduas, and uterine cervix that occur gradually over a period of days to weeks. Biochemical connective tissue changes in the uterine cervix appear to precede uterine contractions and cervical dilation, and all of these events usually occur before rupture of the fetal membranes. In other wor...

Labor is a physiological event involving a sequential, integrated set of changes within the myometrium, deciduas, and uterine cervix that occur gradually over a period of days to weeks. Biochemical connective tissue changes in the uterine cervix appear to precede uterine contractions and cervical dilation, and all of these events usually occur before rupture of the fetal membranes. In other wor...

cardiac conduction system enables the heart to pulsate continuously by producing electric impulse and conducting it. as the anatomical information about cardiac conduction system in human being and other mammals needed in various fields of sciences, such as anatomy, histology, physiology, pathology and cardiology, the present review article intends to provide this basic information about an imp...

Background: Hemiscorpius lepturus is one of the dangerous scorpions in the world and also in Iran. This kind of scorpion in southern provinces, especially in Khoozestan, has been responsible for stinging a lot of people that resulted in long-standing and dangerous side effects and sometimes mortality. As the study of the effects of this scorpion venom on some laboratory animals can determine th...