High-pressure freezing avoids the artefacts induced by conventional chemical fixation, and, in combination with freeze-substitution and plastic embedding, is a reliable method for the ultrastructural analysis of mammalian cell monolayers. In order to high-pressure freeze mammalian cell monolayers, cells have to be seeded on a suitable substrate. Unfortunately, electron microscopy analysis is of...

Abstract Directional solidification occurs in industrial and natural processes, such as freeze-casting, metal processing, biological cryopreservation freezing of soils. Translational temperature gradient stage allows to control the process directional visualize it with optical microscope. In this velocity are decoupled independently controlled. Here we study dynamics phase transition interface ...

IN order to remain competitive in the worldwide market for continuously cast steel, steel producers are finding it increasingly important to implement process control improvements. Through superior production process monitoring and control, producers are improving steel quality and are meeting customers’ requirements for steel size, grade, quantity, and properties at the lowest cost. Computer m...

The transport of fluid, heat ,and particles (bubbles and solid inclusions) in flowing molten steel is investigated in steel refining ladles, the continuous casting tundish, continuous casting mold and strand, and steel ingot casting processes. The two-equation k-ε model is used to simulate the turbulence. Multiphase fluid flow is numerically simulated with a Lagrangian-Eulerian approach, an Eul...

In recent years, platelets are reported to promote liver, as well as bone regeneration and dermal wound healing. Platelets are required not only for thrombocytopenia treating but also for regenerative therapy. Platelets cannot be stored beyond three days, therefore, shortage of fresh platelets sometimes occurs. To preserve platelets for a long duration without degrading growth factors, a freeze...