This page lists questions we have about your paper. The numbers displayed at left can be found in the text of the paper for reference. In addition, please review your paper as a whole for correctness. Q1. Au: Primary and Secondary classifications are required. Please provide the appropriate primary and secondary classifications from 5 We derive a test in order to examine the need of modeling su...

We present a hierarchical frailty model based on distributions derived from non-negative Lévy processes. The model may be applied to data with several levels of dependence, such as family data or other general clusters, and is an alternative to additive frailty models. We present several parametric examples of the model, and properties such as expected values, variance and covariance. The model...

We consider estimation in a class of semiparametric transformation models for right–censored data. These models gained much attention in survival analysis, however, most authors consider only regression models derived from frailty distributions whose hazards are decreasing. This paper considers estimation in a more flexible class of models and proposes conditional rank M-estimators for estimati...

We extend a recently published multivariate Bayesian cure rate model to handle interval censoring and a varying number of measurements per individual. The model assumes an unknown number of latent causes of the event in question at each repeated measurement. This number is assumed to be distributed Poisson, with rate a function of covariates multiplied by a subject-specific frailty term. The ob...

AIM We analyzed the cross-sectional and prospective relationships between the accumulation of advanced glycation end products (AGE), assessed by skin autofluorescence (AF) and frailty and its components. METHODS A total of 423 participants of the Bordeaux sample of the Three-City study 75 years of age or older in 2009-2010 were included in the cross-sectional analysis. Among them, 255 initial...

Background Pain has been suggested to act as a stressor during aging, potentially accelerating declines in health and functioning. Our objective was to examine the longitudinal association between self-reported pain and the development, or worsening, of frailty among older men and women. Methods The study population consisted of 5,316 men and women living in private households in England, mea...

Frailty is a vulnerable situation among older adults which can lead to unfavorable health outcomes such as falls, mortality, functional decline and institutionalization. The increasing number of elderly people and low rate of mortality has necessitated the need for high-quality medical services for this aging population, and this has led to a high cost of geriatric health care. There exist a hu...

In many situations individuals with the same values for all observed covariables will have important covariables which cannot be measured or which were not measured during the study. These unknown or unmeasured covariables make the subpopulations, as defined by the observable covariables, heterogeneous. The present study explores the affect of unobservable heterogeneity in the context of Weibul...

BACKGROUND So far, it has not yet been studied whether socioeconomic status is associated with distinct frailty components and for which frailty component this association is the strongest. We aimed to examine the association between socioeconomic status and frailty and frailty components. In addition we assessed the mediating effect of the number of morbidities on the association between socio...

This study aims to analyze which determinants predict frailty in general and each frailty domain (physical, psychological, and social), considering the integral conceptual model of frailty, and particularly to examine the contribution of medication in this prediction. A cross-sectional study was designed using a non-probabilistic sample of 252 community-dwelling elderly from three Portuguese ci...