The third generation technology will confer to mobile phones all the capacity and speed of a fixed line phone with the additional flexibility of mobility. Major investments in 3G installation facilities are planned in developed economies; the reported investment plans indicate “leader-follower” patterns. Using three real competition options models, we determine the optimal timing of 3G investme...

For a duopoly environment, we model the leader and follower real value functions assuming that the leader’s “market share” evolves according to an immigration (birth) and death process. We derive analytical solutions for the follower and leader options to invest, and numerical solutions for the leader’s optimal investment timing. Then we calculate the partial derivatives of the leader and follo...

Interpersonal coordination during joint action depends on the perception of the partner's movements. In many such situations - for example, while moving furniture together or dancing a tango - there are kinesthetic interactions between the partners due to the forces shared between them that allow them to directly perceive one another's movements. Joint action of this type often involves a contr...

Accurate maintenance of a geometric configuration between multiple autonomous vehicles can often accomplish objectives impossible for a single vehicle. Much work on formation control in the current literature relies on the leader-follower approach, where some vehicles are designated as leaders while others are designated as followers. The leaders track predefined trajectories, and the followers...

This paper introduces the notion of manipulability to mobile, multi-agent networks as a tool to analyze the instantaneous effectiveness of injecting control inputs at certain, so-called leader nodes in the network. Effectiveness is interpreted to characterize how the movements of the leader nodes translate into responses among the remaining follower nodes. This notion of effectiveness is a func...

* This work is partially supported by NSFC Grant #61340041 and 61374079 and The Project-sponsored by SRF for ROCS, SEM to Yunzhong Song. Abstract: In order to explore the rendezvous problems of leader-follower multi-agent system further, three different kinds of strategies, namely the democracy strategy, the autarchy strategy as well as the mixed strategy, which were inspired by the mankind sys...

Introduction F ORMATION flight of multiple aircraft has been an active research topic for many years. For the classical lead–follower configuration, when the follower is properly positioned with respect to the lead, the drag on the follower aircraft can be remarkably reduced due to strong wingtip vortices generated by the lead aircraft. Such close-formation flight configurations can lead to red...

Steering rods are subject to variety kinds of loads which will eventually cause failure. Automobile manufacturers and engineers are seeking ways to test the fatigue life of the steering rods. Steering rods under periodic loads over millions of cycles will get fatigued. We here provide a fatigue test bench for steering rods which applies periodic loads to the rod with a cam loading system. Cyclo...

Benevolent leadership, a traditional Chinese leadership style generated under the influence of Confucianism, has been under growing discussion since its proposal. However, existing research has focused mainly on the consequences of benevolent leadership, and research probing into its antecedents is scarce. To fill such research gap, the current study aims to explore the effect of the congruence...

Although it is challenging to implement follower forces in macroscale laboratory experiments, they can be implemented fairly easily in MEMS devices. This paper discusses the implementation of follower and axial end forces in a beam-type MEMS resonator for the application of resonant frequency tuning. r 2005 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.