Risk and protective factors predictive of adolescent problem behaviors such as substance abuse and delinquency are promising targets for preventive intervention. Community planners should assess and target risk and protective factors when designing prevention programs. This study describes the development, reliability, and validity of a self-report survey instrument for adolescents ages 11 to 1...

BACKGROUND In Vietnam, no systematic prenatal toxoplasmosis screening is in place, and only few studies have assessed the prevalence and importance of this zoonotic parasite infection. In addition, no studies have been conducted to assess the risk factors associated with toxoplasmosis. This study protocol was developed to determine the seroprevalence of toxoplasmosis in pregnant women in Hanoi ...

BACKGROUND Determining what constitutes "good practice" in the measurement of the costs and effects of health promotion and disease prevention measures is of particular importance. The aim of this paper was to gather expert knowledge on (economic) evaluations of health promotion and prevention measures for children and adolescents, especially on the practical importance, the determinants of pro...

OBJECTIVES We investigated new-onset constipation in patients with stroke compared with orthopaedic conditions and explored the predictors associated with constipation during acute hospitalisation. METHODS This was a prospective matched cohort study of 110 patients comparing stroke patients (n = 55) with orthopaedic patients (n = 55) admitted to a large tertiary acute hospital. Both cohorts w...

This study presents and illustrates a model that determines the cost-effectiveness of three successively more complete levels of preventive intervention (minimal, intermediate, and comprehensive) in treating dental caries in disadvantaged children up to 6 years of age. Using existing data on the costs of early childhood caries (ECC), the authors estimated the probable cost-effectiveness of each...

OBJECTIVE This systematic review aims (1) to identify barriers and facilitators during implementation of primary preventive interventions on patient handling in healthcare, and (2) to assess their influence on the effectiveness of these interventions. METHODS PubMed and Web of Science were searched from January 1988 to July 2007. Study inclusion criteria included evaluation of a primary preve...

Researchers often publish the numerical findings of their intervention studies while overlooking the experiential findings that could help promote more appropriate and effective interventions in the future. The present paper describes the process by which we developed a culturally relevant preventive intervention for Korean American adolescents aged 11 to 14 years and their parents. We discuss ...

INTRODUCTION Adherence to prophylactic treatment in haemophilia is important for patient outcome. AIM This study analysed the influence of potential impact factors on adherence assessed through the application of the German translation of the VERITAS-Pro questionnaire. METHODS All members of the German haemophilia patient organisation (DHG) who suffer from severe or moderate haemophilia and...

BACKGROUND Mothers bearing small offspring are at increased risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality. The cardiovascular risk for fathers of small offspring is, however, inconclusive. Very few studies with sufficiently large sample sizes have been conducted to specifically differentiate the maternal/paternal CVD risk in association with offspring birth weight in the same population. MET...

OBJECTIVE To determine the epidemiology of child drowning in order to propose possible interventions for Bangladesh and other similar low-income countries. DESIGN Population-based cross-sectional study. SETTING Rural and urban communities in Bangladesh. SUBJECTS About 352,000 children 0-17 years were selected from over 171,000 households, using multistage cluster sampling. MAIN OUTCOME ...