Entamoeba histolytica infection is one of the significantly common pathogenic protozoa encountered in Saudi Arabia. Previous reports did not distinguish between E. histolytica and E. dispar as differential diagnosis is essential both for treatment decision and public health knowledge. Studies suggested that stool antigen assays are more sensitive and specific than microscopy for the diagnosis o...

The development of viral neutralizing antibodies in animals injected with T(3) or T(4) phage is considerably inhibited by the presence of bacterial antigens. A new procedure has been described to liberate phage from infected E. coli B bacteria by inducing lysis with penicillin. By immunological means it has been shown that T(4)-infected cultures of E. coli B, in which phage development has been...

Avian pathogenic E. coli (APEC) is responsible for economic losses in all poultry farms. Certain virulence factors have been proposed as a means of controlling APEC infections, including some proteins to be used for vaccination. In the study we report here, one of the major virulence factors, the iss (increased serum survival) gene, from E. coli strain χ1378, isolated from poultry colibacillosi...

Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) produces different virulence factors allowing the bacterium to colonize and develop watery diarrhea. Proteomics studies have also introduced new protein belonging to the secretion pathways, antigen 43 (Ag43), which plays important role in E. coli pathogenesis. The objective of this study was to investigate O-types and virulence factors o...

Human monocytic ehrlichiosis is a tick-borne infectious disease transmitted by several tick species, especially Amblyomma spp caused by Ehrlichia chaffeensis. E. chaffeensis is an obligatory intracellular, tick-transmitted bacterium that is maintained in nature in a cycle involving at least one and perhaps several vertebrate reservoir hosts. Two additional Ehrlichia spp, Anaplasma (formerly Ehr...

Abstract: The traditional view that a high sales tax rate reduces trade by driving a wedge between the purchase and sale price may not apply to internet commerce for two reasons. The first reason is that the sales tax paid by buyers purchasing via the internet is determined by the tax rate in the region of the buyer. The second reason is that a high sales tax may lower the before-tax price if s...