epistemologically speaking, second language acquisition research (slar) might be reconsidered from a complex dynamical system view with interconnected aspects in the ecosystem of language acquisition. the present paper attempts to introduce the tenets of complex system theory and its application in slar. it has been suggested that the present dominant traditions in language acquisition research...

We consider statistical attractors of locally typical dynamical systems and their “ε-invisible” subsets: parts of the attractors whose neighborhoods are visited by orbits with an average frequency of less than ε ≪ 1. For extraordinarily small values of ε (say, smaller than 2−10 6 ), an observer virtually never sees these parts when following a generic orbit. A trivial reason for ε-invisibility ...

The optical signals degrade as travel down the optical link due to the optical fiber properties such as chromatic dispersion, polarization mode dispersion, polarization dependent loss, polarization dependent gain and various fiber nonlinear effects, which are considered as limitations in the high-speed, lang-haul fiber communication systems. Where chromatic dispersion causes different wavelengt...

Time-delayed, narrow-band echoes generated by forward Bragg diffraction of an X-ray pulse by a perfect thin crystal are exploited for self-seeding at hard X-ray free-electron lasers. Theoretical predictions indicate that the retardation is strictly correlated to a transverse displacement of the echo pulses. This article reports the first experimental observation of the displaced echoes. The dis...

We have carried out ab initio molecular-dynamics studies on hydroperoxyl water clusters. Our studies are complemented by optimization, frequency, and excited-state calculations. The three main results we obtained are (a) the dynamically averaged energy gap between the highest-occupied molecular orbital and the lowest-unoccupied molecular orbital monotonically decreases as the number of water mo...

We perform fully dynamical simulations at small quark masses by reweighting in the quark mass, calculating the weight factors stochastically. This approach avoids some of the technical difficulties associated with direct simulations. We find that the weight factors fluctuate only moderately on nHYP smeared dynamical Wilson-clover ensembles, and demonstrate that the overlap between the original ...

Abstract We discuss the properties of the position space fermion propagator in three dimensional QED which we found previouly based on Ward-Takahashi-identity for soft-photon emission vertex and spectral representation.There is a new type of mass singularity which governs the long distance behaviour.It leads the propagator vanish at large distance.This term corresponds to dynamical mass in posi...

Monte Carlo simulations of an off-lattice bead spring model of polymer chains are presented, confining the chains between two repulsive parallel planes a distance D apart. Varying the chain length N from N = 16 to N = 128, we show that under good solvent conditions the chains behave like two-dimensional self-avoiding walks, their mean square gyration radius scales as (R() cc N~" with u = 3/4. T...