background: alzheimer’s disease (ad) is a neurodegenerative disorder with progressive loss of cognitive abilities and memory loss. the aim of this study was to compare neuropathological changes in hippocampus and brain cortex in a rat model of ad. methods: adult male albino wistar rats (weighing 250-300 g) were used for behavioral and histopathological studies. the rats were randomly assigned t...

The longitudinal modeling of neuroanatomical changes related to Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is crucial for studying the progression disease. To this end, we introduce TransforMesh, a spatio-temporal network based on transformers that models shape 3D anatomical meshes. While transformer and mesh networks have recently shown impressive performances in natural language processing computer vision, the...

Mitochondria are supposed to be involved in the early pathogenesis of general anesthesia (GA)-induced neurotoxicity and long-term cognitive deficits in developing brains. However, effective pharmacologic agents targeted on mitochondria during GA exposure are lacking. This study explores the protective effects of mitochondrion-targeted antioxidant elamipretide (SS-31) on mitochondrial morphogene...

Objective . Investigate whether the disruption of normal hippocampal rhythms via optogenetic stimulation medial septum (MS) during late postnatal development has enduring effects on allocentric memory rat pups. Methods Hippocampal theta oscillations were non-endogenously regulated in pups using blue light (465-nm) pan-neuronal activation MS from day (P)21–25 random sinewave frequencies ranging ...

Seizures were induced by flurothyl inhalation. Rats were intramuscularly treated with progesterone after each seizure. Results demonstrated that glutamate transporter 2 and γ-aminobutyric acid transporter 1 expression levels were significantly increased in the cerebral cortex and hippocampus of the developing rat brain following recurrent seizures. After progesterone treatment, glutamate transp...

Background: Sex steroids and their receptors exist in hippocampus and affect spatial learning and memory. This study was designed to measure testosterone level of CA1 and to assess the effect of spatial learning on its amount in left and right hippocampus of adult male rats. Methods: Sixteen rats were divided into two intact and castrated groups, and then trained in Morris water maze (MWM). An...