نتایج جستجو برای: defensive oral discharge
تعداد نتایج: 357987 فیلتر نتایج به سال:
Animals promote their survival by avoiding rapidly approaching objects that indicate threats. In mice, looming-evoked defensive responses are triggered by the superior colliculus (SC) which receives direct retinal inputs. However, the specific neural circuits that begin in the retina and mediate this important behaviour remain unclear. Here we identify a subset of retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) ...
Defensive behaviors reflect underlying emotion states, such as fear. The hypothalamus plays a role in such behaviors, but prevailing textbook views depict it as an effector of upstream emotion centers, such as the amygdala, rather than as an emotion center itself. We used optogenetic manipulations to probe the function of a specific hypothalamic cell type that mediates innate defensive response...
Bovine nasal and oral discharges were used as samples for bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) gene detection. Viral genes in serum (S), nasal discharge (N) and oral discharge (O) were quantified with real-time polymerase chain reaction using SYBR Green by the relative quantification method, and findings were compared among samples. Although the quantity of the BVDV gene in S was greater than tho...
BACKGROUND Defensive medicine is becoming more frequent behaviour and has an impact on the economic 'health' of national healthcare systems. AIM The aim of this study was to clarify the impact of defensive medicine on gastroenterological practices in Lombardy. METHODS Gastroenterologists attending the Lombardy Annual Gastroenterological Conference received a questionnaire based on multiple ...
The ability of animals to respond to life-threatening stimuli is essential for survival. Although vision provides one of the major sensory inputs for detecting threats across animal species, the circuitry underlying defensive responses to visual stimuli remains poorly defined. Here, we investigate the circuitry underlying innate defensive behaviours elicited by predator-like visual stimuli in m...
INTRODUCTION Prolongation of drug-based thromboembolism prophylaxis after discharge from hospital is clearly recommended following total hip and knee replacement. The aim of this study was to evaluate and compare adherence to and satisfaction with outpatient thromboembolism prophylaxis (by injection and oral) under routine clinical practice conditions. MATERIAL AND METHOD We analysed two cons...
OBJECTIVE To compare the efficacy of long-acting IM methylprednisolone to tapering oral methylprednisolone in adult asthmatic patients discharged from the emergency department (ED). METHODS Randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of a single IM dose of 160 mg depot methylprednisolone vs 8-day tapering of a total dose of 160 mg oral methylprednisolone in adult asthmatic patients (ag...
UNLABELLED The central amygdala (CeA) has a key role in learning and expression of defensive responses. Recent studies indicate that somatostatin-expressing (SOM(+)) neurons in the lateral division of the CeA (CeL) are essential for the acquisition and recall of conditioned freezing behavior, which has been used as an index of defensive response in laboratory animals during Pavlovian fear condi...
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