Despite the current belief that much common sense reasoning is nonmonotonic in nature, research indicates that only a limited percentage of people are good at nonmonotonic reasoning. Good nonmonotonic reasoners recognize the logical strengths and weaknesses of some arguments. In the present study, we focus on differences in the probabilistic interpretation of the modifiers typically and usually...

We suggest a three-level integrated approach to design, specification and verification of distributed system. The approach is based on a newly designed specification language Basic-REAL (bREAL) and comprises (I) translation of a high-level design of distributed systems to executional specifications of bREAL, (II) presentation of high-level properties of distributed systems as logical specificat...

For more than two millennia, Euclid’s Elements set the standard for rigorous mathematical reasoning. The reasoning practice the text embodied is essentially diagrammatic, and this aspect of it has been captured formally in a logical system termed Eu [2, 3]. In this paper, we review empirical and theoretical works in mathematical cognition and the psychology of reasoning in the light of Eu. We a...

In this paper, it is argued that negotiation can be regarded as a sociocognitive process for the transformation of joint commitments in multi-agent environments. To this end, a quantified multi-modal logical language is developed for reasoning about and representing agents’ mental attitudes. Drawing on this language, negotiation is formalised using the classical axiomatic-deductive methodology ...

Here we present a modal logic that emerged when considering the interactions of awareness and knowledge. Whereas knowledge is described by those propositions that are true in every world the agent considers possible, awareness is described by the propositions that the agent perceives as either true or false, in any world. As such, we can model an agent who ignores the existence of a proposition...

Transaction Logic was designed as a general logic of state change for deductive databases and logic programs. It has a model theory, a proof theory, and its Horn subset can be given a procedural interpretation. Previous work has demonstrated that the combination of declarative semantics and procedural interpretation turns the Horn subset of Transaction Logic into a powerful language for logic p...

Transaction Logic was designed as a general logic of state change for deductive databases and logic programs. It has a model theory , a proof theory, and its Horn subset can be given a procedural interpretation. Previous work has demonstrated that the combination of declarative semantics and procedural interpretation turns the Horn subset of Transaction Logic into a powerful language for logic ...