The author, an historian of political ideas, makes the case for multilingual, ‘European’ dictionaries, which should replace the current, bilingual dictionaries. While these are the product of a ‘Europe of nations’, the multilingual dictionaries from a historical point of view prove that European history is a unified entity, while, from a political point of view, they aim to render more complete...

The valence concept has been used in machine translation as well as didactics on order to build up valence dictionaries for the respective uses. Most valence dictionaries have been built up manually, but given the growing number of parallel resources, it would be desirable to automatically exploit them as basis for building up bilingual valence dictionaries. The present contribution reports on ...

Dictionaries and phrase tables are the basis of modern statistical machine translation systems. This paper develops a method that can automate the process of generating and extending dictionaries and phrase tables. Our method can translate missing word and phrase entries by learning language structures based on large monolingual data and mapping between languages from small bilingual data. It u...

The present paper describes psycholinguistic experiments aimed at exploring the way people behave while accessing electronic dictionaries. In our work we focused on the access by meaning that, in comparison with the access by form, is currently less studied and very seldom implemented in modern dictionary interfaces. Thus, the goal of our experiments was to explore dictionary users’ requirement...

The present study is aimed at describing the semantic prosody of equivalent items in English and Portuguese. Semantic prosody is the connotation conveyed by the regular co-occurrence of lexical items, as revealed by the exploration of a computer-readable corpus. Although there are several studies dealing with semantic prosody in English, only one has looked at this issue contrasting English and...

This paper presents a system which assists in the comprehension of on{line texts in foreign languages by utilising a context{sensitive dictionary look{up system. The system employs state{of{the{art nite state technology for the context analysis and uses converted bilingual print dictionaries as its primary resource of lexical information. A comprehenision{speciic view of the conventional print ...

Market surveys have pointed out translators’ demand for integrated specialist dictionaries in translation memory tools which they could use in addition to their own compiled dictionaries or stored translated parts of text. For this purpose the German specialist dictionary publisher, Langenscheidt Fachverlag in Munich has developed a method and tools together with experts from the University Ren...

The lack of parallel corpora and linguistic resources for many languages and domains is one of the major obstacles for the further advancement of automated translation. A possible solution is to exploit comparable corpora (non-parallel bior multi-lingual text resources) which are much more widely available than parallel translation data. Our presented toolkit deals with parallel content extract...