UNLABELLED SUBAXIAL CERVICAL FACET DISLOCATION INJURIES: STANDARDS There is insufficient evidence to recommend treatment standards. GUIDELINES There is insufficient evidence to recommend treatment guidelines. OPTIONS Closed or open reduction of subaxial cervical facet dislocation injuries is recommended. Treatment of subaxial cervical facet dislocation injuries with rigid external immobil...

Subtalar dislocation refers to the simultaneous dislocation of the distal articulations of the talus at the talocalcaneal and talonavicular joints. Closed reduction and immobilization remains the treatment of choice. However, if closed reduction is unsuccessful in some patients, open reduction is required. Open reduction can be associated with higher energy subtalar dislocations. A variety of b...

introdouction: the incidence and etiology of maxillofacial fractures are influenced by social, cultural, and environmental factors. understanding the cause, severity, and temporal distribution of maxillofacial trauma provides an insight into the behavioral patterns of people from different countries and can also assist in establishing clinical and research priorities for effective treatment and...

To evaluate the efficacy and safety of percutaneous K-wire leverage (PKWL) reduction and closed intramedullary pinning (CIMP) for the treatment of pediatric radial neck fractures. From June 2010 to December 2013, a total of 50 children with Judet III and IV radial neck fractures were treated at our hospital. Manual closed reduction was first attempted to reduce the radial neck fractures. Upon s...

statement of problem: among periodontal defects, the furcation involvement represents one of the most chalenging scenarios due to the difficulty of achieving a predictable improvement regardless of the type of periodontal therapy. moreover, the presence of furcation involvement has been demonstrated to considerably affect tooth prognosis. thus, treatment of furcation defects is a challenge in c...