Surgical ovarian wedge resection was the first established treatment for women with anovulatory polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) but was largely abandoned both due to the risk of postsurgical adhesions and the introduction of medical ovulation induction. Laparoscopic ovarian drilling (LOD) is an alternative method to induce ovulation in PCOS patients with clomiphene citrate resistance instead o...

BACKGROUND Recently the laparoscopic ovarian drilling (LOD) has been used as a surgical treatment for ovulation in women with polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS), although its mechanism and outcomes are still unclear. This study was undertaken to evaluate the in vitro fertilization (IVF)/intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) outcomes in clomiphene-resistant women with PCOS who were treated wit...

Recent studies on the diazotrophic cyanobacterium Trichodesmium erythraeum (IMS101) showed that increasing CO(2) partial pressure (pCO(2)) enhances N(2) fixation and growth. Significant uncertainties remain as to the degree of the sensitivity to pCO(2), its modification by other environmental factors, and underlying processes causing these responses. To address these questions, we examined the ...

Posterior capsule opacification (PCO) is the most common long-term complication with more than 25% overall incidence within 5 years after cataract surgery of the human eye. The goal of the project described in this paper is to devise a fully automated, objective measure of grades of PCO from so-called retroillumination photographs. We review the current state of the art of existing PCO grading ...

Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) is associated with hyperhomocysteinemia and polycystic ovaries (PCO) usually produce oocytes of poor quality. However, the intracellular mechanism linking hyperhomocysteinemia and oocyte quality remains elusive. In this study, the quality of the oocytes isolated from healthy and polycystic gilt ovaries was evaluated in vitro in association with one-carbon meta...

This study aimed to determine the biomechanical effect of the posterior condylar offset (PCO) and posterior tibial slope (PTS) in posterior-stabilized (PS) fixed-bearing total knee arthroplasty (TKA). We developed ±1, ±2, and ±3 mm PCO models in the posterior direction and -3°, 0°, 3°, and 6° PTS models using a previously validated FE model. The influence of changes in the PCO and PTS on the bi...

CO(2) serves as one of the fundamental regulators of cerebral blood flow (CBF). It is widely considered that this regulation occurs through pCO(2)-driven changes in pH of the cerebral spinal fluid (CSF), with elevated and lowered pH causing direct relaxation and contraction of the smooth muscle, respectively. However, some findings also suggest that pCO(2) acts independently of and/or in conjun...

THE aetiology of anencephaly and/or spina bifida (neural tube defects) is still obscure. Most investigators are now agreed on a multifactorial causation with an important genetic factor and a substantial environmental component. The genetic factor is probably polygenic, but the mechanism by which it acts remains unknown. Recently, drugs that stimulate ovulation, particularly clomiphene, have be...

Investigations into the effect of clomiphene citrate stimulation on endometrial differentiation were retrospectively performed in the mid-luteal phase on 21 patients undergoing ovulation induction prior to artificial insemination. A high incidence of irregular endometrial development was seen using morphological and morphometric criteria; in addition, increasing stromal oedema after clomiphene ...