Under the background of low-carbon economy, cross-shareholding is introduced into closed-loop supply chain (CLSC) composed a manufacturer and retailer, centralized three decentralized decision-making models with different channel power structures are constructed. The recovery, emission reduction, pricing decisions CLSC studied, two-part-tariff contract proposed to coordinate CLSC. results indic...

This research considers a fresh-product supply chain consisting of a single-buyer, a single-supplier for deteriorating products where the market demand is dependent on the retail price, fresh rate, and remaining rate. Firstly, in a competitive model, the primary decision variables (i.e., the supplier's wholesale price and preservation-technology investment and also buyer's order quantity and re...

The class of low-cost, distributed ubiquitous systems represents a computing mode where a system has small, inexpensive networked processing devices, distributed at all scales throughout business activities and everyday life. The unique features of such a class of ubiquitous systems make the security analysis different from that for the centralized computing paradigms. This paper presents a hol...

<p style='text-indent:20px;'>This study investigates the effects of take-back legislation and channel structures on pricing, collection, coordination in a closed-loop supply chain (CLSC). By establishing centralized, manufacturer-led, retailer-led CLSC models, we analyze equilibrium solutions players government. We obtain following results. (1) The manufacturer can accept higher collectio...

natural hazards such as earthquakes have threatened the life of human beings during the history.as a consequence, the vibration mitigation of structures has caught great importance. activecontrol of structures is one of the rapidly emerging areas in the concept of structural control. thispaper presents a control method to deal with this subject when the dynamics of the structure ishysteretic an...

This document defines the framework for Centralized Conferencing. The framework allows participants using various call signaling protocols, such as SIP, H.323, Jabber, Q.931 or ISDN User Part (ISUP), to exchange media in a centralized unicast conference. The Centralized Conferencing Framework defines logical entities and naming conventions. The framework also outlines a set of conferencing prot...

The beneets of using caches for reducing traac in backbone trunk links and for improving web access times are well-known. However, there are some known problems with traditional web caching, namely, maintaining freshness of web objects, balancing load among a number of caches and providing protection against cache failure. This paper investigates in detail the advantages and disadvantages of a ...