Atopic dermatitis (AD) is characterized by skin inflammation, barrier dysfunction and chronic pruritus. In this review, recent advances in the pathogenesis of AD are summarized. Clinical efficacy of the anti-IL-4 receptor antibody dupilumab implies that type 2 cytokines IL-4 and IL-13 have pivotal roles in atopic inflammation. The expression of IL-4 and IL-13 as well as type 2 chemokines such a...

Objectives Graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) is an important complication of bone marrow transplantation. Recent reports suggest the significance T-cell subsets (Th1, Th17, and cytotoxic CD8+ T cells) as well CD163+ macrophages in development cutaneous GVHD. produce various chemokines to establish immunological microenvironment following stimulation by stromal factors lesional skin. Thus, purpos...