OBJECTIVE To evaluate the impact on food purchasing behaviour of the 'Change4Life Smart Swaps' campaign to encourage families to make small changes to lower-fat or lower-sugar versions of commonly eaten foods and drinks. DESIGN Quasi-experimental study comparing the proportion of swaps made by an intervention group (267 families who had signed up to the 'Smart Swaps' campaign promoted through...

Bubble nucleation in weakly supersaturated solutions of carbon dioxide—such as champagne, sparkling wines and carbonated beers—is well understood. Bubbles grow and detach from nucleation sites: gas pockets trapped within hollow cellulose fibres. This mechanism appears not to be active in stout beers that are supersaturated solutions of nitrogen and carbon dioxide. In their canned forms these be...

Carbonated local anaesthetics may have shorter latency and greater spread than equivalent hydrochloride salts when used for regional anaesthesia. In brachial plexus anaesthesia produced by the supraclavicular technique, Bromage and Gertel (1970) using 1% lignocaine and Schulte-Steinberg, Hartmuth and Schiitt (1970) using 2% lignocaine, reported a marked decrease in the time of onset of anaesthe...

The microbiological quality of five brands of carbonated and non-carbonated mineral water sold in Poland was studied. The study was carried out on the survival of heterotrophic bacteria at 22 and 37 degrees C (pour plate technique) in the samples of mineral waters stored at 4 and 22 degrees C. The one hundred ten bottles (twenty two bottles of each of the five brands) of carbonated and uncarbon...

introduction: current thermal cycling units fail to simulate the drinking behaviors, and oral balancing temperature. they cannot also simulate other oral conditions such as drink coloring, and chemicals like tea, coffee, carbonated and noncarbonated, citrus juices as well as alcoholic and nonalcoholic drinks and also saliva and milk itself. the main objective of this study is to introduce the d...

Aerophagia is a rare disorder in children. The diagnosis is often delayed, especially when it occurs concomitantly with constipation. The aim of this report is to increase awareness about aerophagia. This study describes 2 girls and 7 boys, 2 to 10.4 years of age, with functional constipation and gaseous abdominal distention. The abdomen was visibly distended, nontender, and tympanitic in all. ...

Introduction Soft drinks are subject to spoilage induced by bacterial spores resistant to high-temperature. To date, no effective sterilization method that also does not harm the taste profile of the final product has been developed. Filters with pore sizes slightly larger than conventional 0.2μm sterilizing-grade filters were evaluated for their ability to remove heat-resistant bacterial spore...

Background: Tea is the second most addictive worldwide after formulations containing caffeine in carbonated beverage. Green tea is made from leaves of the Camellia sinensis plant. In the repertoire of traditional Chinese medicine, green tea beverages have played a fundamental role associated with their culture. It has been suggested that green tea has a number of positive health benefits that a...

Background: The consumption of carbonated beverages has been shown to increase the risk of developing metabolic syndrome. The associations between the consumption of carbonated beverages and left arterial dimension or left ventricular mass are believed to be likely related to the greater body weight of carbonated beverage drinkers relative to non-drinkers. Nonetheless, little is known about the...

OBJECTIVES To assess the consumption of sweets, carbonated beverages, and energy drinks along with their correlates among primary school children.  Methods: A total of 725 children (7-12 years old) were randomly recruited from 10 elementary schools from Al-Baha city, Saudi Arabia in 2013, using a multi-stage stratified sampling technique and pre-tested validated questionnaire.  Results: Approxi...