Carbapenems are used as antibiotics of last resort for treating Background infections due to multidrug-resistant Gram-negative bacilli, but emergence of Carbapenem resistant Gram-negative bacilli have been reported due to the production of Carbapenemase enzymes that significantly limits treatment options for life-threatening infections. : This study aimed to detect Carbapenem resistant Gram-neg...

BACKGROUND Carbapenemase-producing Enterobacteriaceae (CPE) are difficult to identify among carbapenem non-susceptible Enterobacteriaceae (NSE). We designed phenotypic strategies giving priority to high sensitivity for screening putative CPE before further testing. METHODS Presence of carbapenemase-encoding genes in ertapenem NSE (MIC > 0.5 mg/l) consecutively isolated in 80 French laboratori...

Background . The difficulties of antibacterial therapy infections caused by carbapenemase-producing gram-negative bacteria are associated with limited options for adequate since, in addition to resistance carbapenems and other beta-lactams, these microorganisms often characterized classes antibiotics, including polymyxins. In vitro data support the idea combined use inhibitor-protected cephalospo...

Enterobacteriaceae producing class D OXA-48 and OXA-48-like carbapenemases are an increasing concern. Detection is a diagnostic challenge because (i) some isolates are carbapenem susceptible and may go unrecognized, (ii) tests that detect carbapenem hydrolysis may be insensitive due to the relatively weak hydrolytic activity of these enzymes, (iii) the enzymes are not significantly inhibited by...

INTRODUCTION Carbapenemases have increasingly been reported in enterobacteriaceae worldwide. Most carbapenemases are plasmid encoded hence resistance can easily spread. Carbapenem-resistant enterobacteriaceae are reported to cause mortality in up to 50% of patients who acquire bloodstream infections. We set out to determine the burden of carbapenem resistance as well as establish genes encoding...

Carbapenemase-producing Enterobacteriaceae (CPE) are rapidly spreading worldwide. Early detection of fecal CPE carriers is essential for effective infection control. Here, we evaluated the performance of a meropenem combined disk test (CDT) for rapidly differentiating CPE isolates directly from rectal swabs. The screening method was applied for 189 rectal swabs from hospitalized patients at hig...

OBJECTIVES To describe an outbreak of KPC-2-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae with inter-hospital spread and measures taken to control transmission. METHODS Between January and March 2011, 13 K. pneumoniae isolates were collected from nine patients at hospital A and two patients at hospital B. Meropenem, imipenem and ertapenem MICs were determined by Etest, carbapenemase production was confirme...

BACKGROUND The prevalence of carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii in hospitals has been increasing worldwide. This study aims to investigate the carbapenemase genes and the clonal relatedness among A. baumannii clinical isolates in a Chinese hospital. METHODS Carbapenemase genes and the upstream locations of insertion sequences were detected by polymerase chain reaction (PCR), and the...

ing responsible for nosocomial infection. Items used during the patient’s ocular surgery were confi rmed to be disposable and nonreused. Topical drops of corticosteroids commonly applied during cataract surgery for intraocular lens implantation penetrate ocular structures. An alternative hypothesis is that corticosteroids applied during ocular surgery reactivate a latent ocular infection. Our r...